The Investigation Of Knowledge, Attitude And Behavior Of Enterprise Emploryees On Occupational Health And Safety Management System

Along with the emergence of OHSMS, it was interested to assess the effectiveness of OHSMS. There were many methods to complete this work. Through assessing the " man's factor" in OHSMS, this study will establish a newmethod. " Man's factor" includes 3 different levels------ workers, senior leadersand OSH superviors.The KAB of workers is a vital signal of the effectiveness of OHSMS. But there is no effective tool to assess it. This study develop a KAB scale of workers on OHSMS. The following is the process:Developing scale: The scale was developed according to the standardized processes of compilation. Items pool of the scale was composed of 31 items. After preliminary selection, 28 items were included in the pretest scales. According to factor analysis, there were 27 items in the scale finally after 1 item was deleted. There were 5 dimensions which included cognition, negtive pressure, support, consciousness, sense of honor. The range of summative index was 27-135, which was classified into the following four group: poor (40 to 50 percent of total), middle (50 to 70 percent of total), good (70 to 80 percent of total), excellent (over 80 percent).Testing the reliability and validity of the scales: 400 workers from 10 workshops in the steel company were selected with the random sampling method. All of them were retested after 2 weeks for analyzing the reliability and validity. Pearson correlation analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, theta coefficient and correlation coefficient between item score and total score were adopted to assess the reliability. Factor analysis was used to assess the validity.The reliability analysis showed, the Pearson correlation coefficients ranged from 0.114 to 0.654 (P<0.01), Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.6286 to 0.7294, theta coefficients were greater than 0.7, correlation coefficient between item score and total score ranged from 0.658 to 0.769(P<0.001). Factor analysis showed five commons factor were drawn, the dedication rate of cumulative variance was 65.876%. The communality of each item was over 0.4 (0.444～0.816) and its factor loading attached to the relevant common factor was more than 0.4(0.427~0.858). To sum up, the scales are reliable, valid and can be applied to assessing KAB of workers on OHSMS.With the scale, this study assessed the KAB of workers in a enterprise that had established OHSMS for 3 years. 1021 workers were involved, and the ensemble score was 87.2. this is in the range of normal level. Through analyzing every item of the scale, we found that the workers did well at the cognition of the OHSMS policy, emergency meaures, worksite object. But the following aspects should be improved: worksite monitoring by supervisors, benefit gained by improving individual behavior, professional consulation, communicating the OHS information.One-to-one vertical extent interview was taken to investige the the KAB of senior leader of the company. In this section we found:Though the motive of developing the OHSMS in this company was not to impove OHS performance, the leader paid more attention on the OHSMS after its effectiveness occurred after established for 3 years; The request of the document system in OHSMS regulation is " 3 grades document system", but the company established 4 grades system according to the pratic condition, this is a reform to the OHSMS; OHS matters had gained priority in the process of decision-making; The leader need more knowledge on the OHSMS operation mechanism.To assess the KAB of OHS supervisiors on OHSMS with PPI. OHS supervisors, as a connective band, are the important part in OHSMS, and their KAB will impact the whole systems diredtly. We developed the questionair according to OHSMS regulations for OHSMS supervisors. The questionair includes common situations ,knowledge of OHSMS, supportings gained during OHSMS procedures and daily activity. 80 copies questionairs was send at random and 75 copies was taken back. The results showed parts of the composition situations of the OHSMS supervisors of enterprise, such as age, educational background and career position are reasonable, which formed a healthy team, but on the other hand the hygiene profesional workers are less than normal, which reflect a common problem existing in OHSMS long-term—drawing more attention on safety than hygienes. The knowledge of the OHS supervisors on OHSMS was not satisfactory. System policy was the important part during the system publicity and education procedure, which should be familiar not only by OHS supervisors but also by common workers.The results showed there was 37.3% OHS supervisors was not familiar with the system policy, and so did the other items. That proved the shortage of the knowledge on OHSMS of the OHS supervisors. In the part of supptortings gained during OHSMS procedure, most indexes such as education and finance were satisfactory, but there were still some problems in the OHS supervisors' rights in controlling accidents, only 60% supervisors thought they had the right to shut down procuction when accident happended. On the aspect of daily work performance, most OHS supervisors can meet the requirement of the OHSMS regulation. Only 21.3% superviors belived that the cause of accidents was mostly management. At last, we give some advice on impoving the KAB of the superviors on OHSMS.