| Since 1970s, the conception of quality of life has been introduced into the medical field, a new evaluation index system of health establishes which reflects one's health comprehensively. With the transformation of medical modes and increasing need of health, a higher level of qualities of nurses is needed in the nursing profession. The patients in ICU are mostly interdisciplinary with complicated, changeable conditions and a high mortality. In order to improve the treatment efficiency, nurses in ICU are needed to possess multi-subjects knowledge, master the usages of various rescue apparatus and monitoring equipments, and are able to react quickly to emergencies. Thus, Nurses in ICU are a special nursing team. With a long term working in a high intensity and risk conditions, nurses in ICU are easy to produce stress responses which can decrease their qualities of life, working efficiency and nursing quality as well. At present, the researches to pay of nursing work stress and stress levels have been already given a special attention and proceeds intensively at aboard. However, And the research in China about nurses in ICU focuses only on some minor aspects s of nursing work stress such as the influence of work stress upon healthy life styles, but healthy life style is only one aspect of qualities of life. At present, the relevant thesis on work stress and life qualities of nurses in ICU from different levels has not been published yet.Objectives:The objective of this research aims as follows: in order to acknowledge the present situation of life qualities of nurses in ICU in different levels, through the descriptive statistical analysis on nurses of different levels in ICU, the single-factor and multiple-factor stepwise regression analysis general life qualities and four other dimensions including domestic matters, working and learning matters, social relevant matters and economical matters and on five dimensions of stress factors including stress responses, social support, life events, coping style, personality characteristics personalities, the thesis comes to the final relevant research result on stress factors and life qualities of nurses in ICU, and so the intend of nursing human resources can take appropriate scientific measures to intervene so as to decrease the negative effects of stress responses, to protect physical and mental health, to improve life qualities, and to mobilize the working enthusiasm of in nurses ICU.Methods:This research takes the full-time nurses in ICU in three 3 A-level general hospitals Changchun city as research objectives, and proceeds the research by questionnaires. 130 copies were sent out, and 120 recovery copies were taken back with an effective recovery rate of 92%. The general situation survey, the general quality of life questionnaire -74, the stress response questionnaire, the life events scale, the trait coping style questionnaire, the social support scale, and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire were chosen as questionnaires. The descriptive statistical analysis, the single factor correlation analysis, and the multiple-factor stepwise regression analysis, were component this paper. There are 3 aspects in it.The Content of the Analysis:1. The relevant analyses between the general data and quality of life on the objects of investigation.2. The relevant analyses between the overall quality of life and its four dimensions, and the stress factors (stress responses, coping methods, social support, life events, personality characteristic on the objects of investigation.)3. Taking the total score of quality of life and its four dimensions as dependent variables, and taking the relevant stress factors as independent variables, proceeding the multiple-factor stepwise regression analysis.Results:1. Through the research on the general materials and life qualities of ICU nurses in different levels, the conclusion comes to as follows: there are statistical significances among the nurses in ICU with different working years, different professional titles, different education levels, and different marital status on the general quality of life and its dimensions. (p<0.05)2. Through the relevant analysis between stress factors and quality of life, the conclusion as follows:(1) The comprehensive quality of life nurses in ICU is positively related to active coping style, support from family, the support outside the family, the introversion ,extraversion personality and the social covering qualities, while it is negatively related with the other relevant factors.(2) The physiological dimension of nurses in ICU is positively related to the active coping style, the support from family, the support outside the family, the internal and external qualities and the social covering qualities while it is negatively related with the other relevant factors.(3) The psychological dimension of nurses in ICU is positively related to the active coping methods, the family support within, the family support outside the family, the introversion and extroversion personality and the social covering qualities while it is negatively related with the other relevant factors.(4) The social dimension of nurses in ICU is positively related to the active coping style, the support from family, the family support outside the family, the introversion and extroversion personality and external qualities and the social covering qualities while it is negatively related with the other relevant factors.(5) The environmental dimension of nurses in ICU is positively related to the active coping style, the support from family, the support outside the family, the introversion and extroversion personality sand the social covering qualities while it is negatively related with the other relevant factors.3. Taking the total scores of quality of life and its dimensions as dependent variables, and taking the relevant stress factors as independent variables, and proceed the multiple-factor stepwise regression analysis. The predictive powers of the stress relevant factors towards the comprehensive quality of life, the physiological dimension the psychological dimension the social dimension the environmental dimension are 51.6%, 43.8%, 35.2%, 45.8%, and 21.6% respectively. (1) Taking the total score of quality of life and its dimensions as dependent variables, and taking the relevant stress factors as independent variables, the results show as follows: the physical response, the working and learning events are negatively related to quality of life, while the active coping style, the family support from family, the family support outside the family, the introversion and extroversion qualities are positively related to it.(2) Taking the physiological dimension as dependent variables, and taking the relevant stress factors as independent variables, the results show as follows: the family events, the emotional reaction, inactive coping style, the nervousness personality are negatively related to physiological functional dimension.(3) Taking the psychological dimension as dependent variables, and taking the relevant stress factors as independent variables, the results show as follows: the emotional reaction and the nervousness personality are negatively related to psychological functional dimension, while the support outside the family, active coping style are positively rested to it.(4) Taking the social dimension as dependent variables, and the relevant stress factors as independent variables, the results show as follows: the behavioural response is negatively related to social dimension while active coping style, support the outside family, and the social wrap are positively related to it.(5) Taking the environmental dimension as dependent variables, and the relevant stress factors as independent variables, the results show as follows: the active coping style, the working and learning events, the nervousness personality and emotional response are negatively related to the environmental dimension while support the outside family is positively related to it.Conclusions:1. All the nurses in ICU surveyed, the nurses with 10-15 working years, titles of manager nurse or above, postgraduate education background, and a married status live with a higher quality of life than the other nurses in the other levels in the same group.2. The emotional response, the body response, behavioral response among stress responses, and the family events, the working and learning events among life events, the passive coping style in coping style, and the nervousness personality in personality characteristics have negative influences upon quality of life. However, the active coping style in coping style, support from the family, support outside the family, and the introversion and extroversion personalities have good influences upon the quality of life3. The body response in the stress responses have the greatest influence upon quality of life; has the greatest influence upon the physiological dimension the family events in the life events; the emotional response in the stress responses has the greatest influence upon the psychological dimension ; the social events and the other relevant matters in the life events have the greatest influence upon the social dimension ; the inactive coping method in the coping methods .have the greatest influence upon the environmental dimensionAdvices:The intend of nursing human resource suggest as follows:1. The correlated administration intend are supposed to save the different of nurses in ICU so as to, reduce the negative effects and the over-loaded workforce caused by the stress responses.2. The nursing intend take different administration measures to the nurses of different level, and put sufficient emphases on the nurses with a lower score of quality of life. They should not only persist in being strict with the nurses in working, but also take good care of them, and support them in living, them by creating a positive working atmosphere.3. The nurses in ICU are needed to learn how to adjust themselves physically and mentally, and relieve the pressure, and make a good use of social support, reduce the stress factors, and improve the quality of life.4. The health administration departments are suggested to take the personality characteristics as one of the standard in screening of the nurses in ICU.5. The hospital nurses with a higher working intensity are suggested to be given more consideration, in professional title promotion and bonus assignment, and begiven more favored policies in order to mobilize their working positivity sufficiently.
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