| Objective:To assess the QOL in heart transplantation recipients, and to explore related variables influencing their life quality in order to provide reasonable methods for improving their QOL.Methods:This study is a cross-sectional design with accidental sampling. From July to December in 2008, we investigated totally 35 patients after heart transplantation from the Heart Center of Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University by questionnaires. Those people completed questionnaires that included Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36), Social Support Scale (SSRS),Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and demographic Questionnaire.All data obtained in this investigation were statistically analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS13.0). Statistical methods such as t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze those data.Results:1.Compared with a reference general population, the heart transplant recipients showed a significantly worse QOL score on all domains of the SF-36 scale (P < 0.01).2. By one-way ANOVA analysis, the investigation results showed that level of education, complication, returning to work were associated with QOL. The score of QOL were higher in the patients who had higher level of education, non-complication, returned to work. It showed significant difference(P<0.01,P<0.05).3. Correlation analysis showed that social support factors were positively related to the most dimensions of QOL (P<0.01,P<0.05). Active coping style was positively related to role-physical and role-emotional(P<0.01). SDS score was negatively correlated with vitality, social function and mental health (P<0.05).4. Multiple stepwise regressions found that the relative factors of physical-related QOL followed the order of complication, level of education, family income, periods of time after operation; and the relative factors of psychological-related QOL followed the order of complication, active coping style, family income, level of education, marriage condition. Complication was the most important influencing factors of physical-related QOL and psychological-related QOL.Conclusion:Compared with a general population, heart transplantation recipients demonstrated a significantly reduced QOL. Through analysis, we discovered factors related to their QOL level were various. Education lever, complication, returning to work, periods of time after operation, family income and marriage condition were associated with their QOL. The variables such as social support, depression psychology and coping style were also closely related to QOL. As a result, all medical staff and our government should pay more attention and take more effective actions to improve heart transplantation recipients'QOL.
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