The Current Status Of HIV/AIDS Epidemic In Jinan City And The Effect Of Immigrant Women On Its Epidemic

Objective: 1. To study the epidemic status and distribution of AIDS in Jinan city, and to investigate the factors affecting the epidemic and distribution of the disease, in order to provide the insight into the prevention and control of the disease. 2. To investigate the HIV infection in immigrated women from other provinces (such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Xinjiang, Hunan, Henan etc.) or from other countries (such as Burma, Vietnam etc.) and inhabited or married in Jinan since 1990. 3. To survey the HIV infection of spouses or children of immigrated women, to explore the status of second generation infection. 4. To survey the knowledge, attitute and behaviour of immigrated women on AIDS in Jinan city and the infection routh and risk factors of HIV infection of immigrated women. 5. To predict the impact of immigrated women on the epidemic of AIDS or HIV infection, and on this basis to work out the technical strategy of AIDS control and prevention, so as to provide scientific basis for police making. Methods: 1. Surveillance work was performed including conventional surveillance, sentinel surveillance, voluntary consultation test, specific survey and laboratory test etc. according to the 'National criterion of AIDS detection', 'Guideline and workplan of AIDS integrated surveillance', 'Management and operational guideline of AIDS voluntary consultation test'. Screen test was performed employing ELISA and PA to detect anti-HIV antibody of serum. The positive specimen was further tested in central laboratory, and the still positives were confirmed in confirmation laboratory using Western Blotting test. 2. Epidemiological investigation. Specific epidemiological investigation was performed for every people with confirmed anti-HIV positive reaction, to survey the possible source of infection, infection routh and the possible area of transmission. 3. Specific investigation of immigrated women. The survey group was organized including investigation inspection group, technical supervising group and quality control group, and investigators were trained. The survey was performed strictly according to the workplan. All basic data of immigrated women in Jinan were registered, and epidemiological investigation was performed accordingly. Serum specimen was collected for anti-HIV antibody detection. The reason for the immigration and the trend of immigration were also surveyed. At the same time, behavious survey was carried out. Case survey was performed for spouse and children of anti-HIV positive immigrated women. 4. data processing. EpiData 3.0 was used for the data input and establishment of database. SPSS13.0 was used for data analysis.Results: The AIDS epidemic has an invreasing tendency in Jinan. 20-49 years old group accounted for 85. 58% of all infection cases. The ratio of infection in male to female was 2.78:1, The infection rate in males was higher than in females. In the aspect of case distribution in different kinds of peofessions, peasants accounted for 37.5% of all reported infection cases. 49. 04% of all infected cases were transmitted through blood, and 37. 5% were through sexual contact, and the transmission from mother to baby was also found. Therefore, the transmission routh was changed from blood transmission to the co-existence of blood, sexual and mother to baby transmission, and finally sexual transmission wiould become the leading way.There was a tendency that the infected population was getting broadening, and the infection was increasing from high risk population to the common population and from rural area to urban districts. The study on the effect of immigrated women on the AIDS epidemic and the studies on the prevention and control of AIDS showed that HIV infection rate was 0. 54% in immigrated women in Jinan, and all the infected women were from HIV heavy epidemic areas in 1994-2004. Due to the fact that immigrated women had low educational background with 76.98% with primary school level, and had little knowledge on the AIDS control, the infection was higher among the women immigrated after 2000(P<0.01). Our study found that only 93 women among 1347 surveyed can answer all questions correctly, accounting for 6.90%. The risk factors also included the previous marriage and other demological characteristics in their home ofimmigrated women. Case study showed that the infection occurred in 9 people by sexual contact, 1 people by blood transfusion, 5 people without known infection routh. Concerning the second generation transmission, there was no transmission from mother to baby found in this survey, and the transmission between spouses occurred in 15. 38% (2/13). In was showed that immigrated women were the transmission risk factor of AIDS and the affect of immigrated women on the AIDS epidemic will last for long in Jinan.Conclusion: AIDS epidemic is increasing rapidly in Jinan. The current work task should focus on health education, and strengthening on the surveillance and intervention, to prevent the transmission and spread from sexual workers to common people. HIV infection rate was higher in immigrated women than in local people. HIV positive immigrated women already produced second generation infection in Jinan. The poor knowledge on AIDS control of immigrated women made them higher potential contribution to the epidemic of AIDS / HIV infection. Therefore, we should strengthen the surveillance and perform the effective control measure, so as to control the epidemic of AIDS in Jinan.