Study On Emergency Traffic Organization And Evacuation Strategy In Metropolises

With the speed up of the process of urbanization in China, the population of cities has increased sharply. Traffic problems in many cities of China have become more and more serious. On the other hand, kinds of emergency events occurred more and more frequently in big cities. We have entered an emergency high frequency period. For big cities, how to deal with the emergency events calmly from the point of view of evacuation ability and traffic control system? It is a big challenge that urban managers faced in metropolises. Especially, after Sept.11 Event in America, an acute and realistic project whether the current traffic system could deal with the emergency evacuation was put forward for the governments all over the world and the related communication departments. To be more detailed, when emergency events happened, how to evacuate the people quickly? How could ambulance men and policemen arrive at the place quickly where the events happened? How to send the injured people to the hospital quickly? Whether the existing road network could afford the traffic flow of emergency evacuation? How long time will it take for emergency evacuation? These are all the questions that transportation decision department have to face and solve.This paper described the current status of traffic and emergency events in cities of China firstly. Based on the analyses of present status of emergency evacuation research at home and abroad, drawing experiences and lessons from abroad, according to the specific characteristics of the emergency evacuation in metropolises of China, the overall architecture of emergency evacuation research of metropolises was put forward. And the principles of choosing shelters and evacuation roads under the situation of emergency evacuation were put forward. The calculation methods of shelters'capacity and the discount method of road capacity under the situation of emergency evacuation were given. Then, taking emergency evacuation of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games as an example, we make out the emergency evacuation preplan for Olympic Games. On the aid of the advanced computer system simulation techniques, using emergency evacuation simulation software to animate the whole process of Olympic evacuation for the fist time, and got some key parameters that can provide decision making supports for decision-makers, such as, the whole evacuation time, the average evacuation speed etc. And the simulation results were analyzed.