Case Studies On Ecological Compensation Standard Of Typical Polluting Industries In Shandong Province

Since the 1950s, in order to solve the resource depletion and ecological damages caused by the economic development, some countries and regions start to use ecological compensation as a special economic approach. Ever since then, ecological compensation has played an important role in balancing social development and ecological protection, and easing the tension between them. In order to establish and improve the ecological environment protection mechanism, Shandong Province has decided to apply ecological compensation as an important approach and guarantee of this work. As one of the most important part of the application of ecological compensation in Shandong Province, the study on ecological compensation mechanism of important industries has significant meanings.In order to extend the research and application of ecological compensation to the field of polluting industries, the assessment of environmental value loss caused by various kinds of pollution is needed. In this research, payment card contingent valuation method is used to assess the ecological compensation standard in the region where the typical polluting industry-granite material industry developed greatly; open-ended contingent valuation method is used to assess the ecological compensation standard of the air pollution caused by a wood pulp plant in Rizhao city. Contingent Valuation method is the most important and widely used way of assessing the value of public goods in ecological and environmental economics in foreign countries these years (especially in the field of resources and environment). Its greatest advantage is that it is the only method that could quantify the environmental non-use values and use values at the same time in currency.The result of the study on the granite material industry showed that the WTP of local residents for improving the ecological environment polluted by the industry is 26.8 Yuan/month, while their Willingness to Accept (WTA) about the pollution caused by stone enterprises is 101.1 Yuan/month. Results of stepwise regression analysis showed that education, income and the awareness of the pollution were significantly related to WTP. Through ordinal regression model and Artificial Neural Network analysis, an ecological compensation standard is recommended, that 1.8×107-6.80×107 Yuan should be charged to the local stone industries per year.The result of the study on air pollution caused by the wood pulp plant showed that the respondents'education background, household income, family number, distance to the factory, whether has family member under 18, the impact of pollution on their lives and whether their family will move because of the pollution are significantly related to the WTP. Mathematical model of the WTP and WTA is built and used to calculate the ecological environmental value loss caused by the air pollution, and the result is 1.816×107-4.501×107Yuan per year. Taking the production and operation status of the plant and the views of experts into consideration simultaneously, an ecological compensation standard is recommended, that 1.816×107-4.501×107Yuan should be charged to the wood pulp plant per year.In the end, a comprehensive analysis of the results of two case studies is given, and the use of contingent valuation method in industrial ecological compensation is summarized. Moreover, the problems and difficulties in industrial ecological compensation are discussed and advices on further researches are given.