The Change Of Physiological And Biochemical Indexes In The Bodies Of Epiphytic Bryophytes Under Different Air Pollution

Two Pterocarya stenoptera epiphytic bryophytes Entodon compressus C. Muell. and Haplocladium microphyllum(Hedw.)Broth. under different air pollution in the six different places in Nanjing (Xiashu forestry farm, Zijin Mountain, Nanjing Forestry University, Qingliang Hill, Jiuhua Hill, Zhujiang Loud) were used to study the changes of pollutants (heavy metal: Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni and S element) contents and physiological and biochemical indexes in the bodies of two pollution endured bryophytes under different air pollution. The experiment results show that from suburb to centre, the contents of heavy metal and S element in the bodies of two epiphytic bryophytes all rose. This shows that air pollution became serious from suburb to centre in Nanjing. By the principal analysis on the contents of pollutants in the body of Haplocladium microphyllum(Hedw.)Broth., it can be seen that Xiashu forestry farm and Zijin Mountain are clean areas, Nanjing Forestry University and Qingliang Hill are slightly polluted areas, Jiuhua Hill and Zhujiang Loud are polluted areas. This shows that the bryophytes were picked from different air pollution grads. From comparison area (Xiashu forestry farm) to polluted area ( Zhujiang Loud),with air pollution grade became deeper, the total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b contents and catalase activity were all obviously decreased, Free praline content and cell membrane permeability were all obviously increased, first the DNA,RNA contents rose and then fell except the RNA content in the body of Haplocladium microphyllum(Hedw.)Broth. always slowly fell from suburb to centre. The activities of DNase and RNase first rose, then fell with air pollution grade became deeper. And the physiological and biochemical indexes in the bodies of Haplocladium microphyllum(Hedw.)Broth. changed in a greater degree than Entodon compressus C. Muell. So Haplocladium microphyllum(Hedw.)Broth. is more sensitive to air pollution than Entodon compressus C. Muell. and is adapt to monitor air pollution. The variance analysis results showed that from comparison area (Xiashu forestry farm) to polluted area ( Zhujiang Loud), air pollution has markedly impacted all physiological and biochemical indexes which were studied in the bodies of two bryophytes. And it reached 1% or 5% prominence level. By the correlativity analysis between physiological and biochemical indexes and every pollutant, all indexes exhibited significant correlation with Cd, Zn, S elements. All physiological and biochemical indexes were significantly related with air pollution degree ,and it reached 1% or 5% prominence level except DNA content in the body of Haplocladium microphyllum(Hedw.)Broth. So it shows that air pollution has direct impaction on the process of physiological and biochemical in the body of epiphytic bryophyte. This has provided the academic and factual evidence to monitor and evaluate air pollution by the change of physiological and biochemical indexes in the bodies of bryophytes.