| Objective: Observing the effect of exercise training plus Chinese traditional medicine GuKang on the bones of ovariectomized rat, elementary clarifying the mechanism of using sports and Chinese traditional medicine GuKang to treat osteoporosis, aim to provide the theory foundation of forming an efficient "compound treatment scheme" .Methods: According to the literature information, this study summarized the treatment of using sports and Chinese traditional medicine to treat osteoporosis and did some relevant research based on it. Experimental methods: All 72 SD rats were cleaned and female and 6-month-old. The rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, each group had 12 rats: normal supplement group (SHAM), ovariectomized group(OVX), estrogen supplement group(OVX+ES), exercise training group (OVX+ET), traditional Chinese medicine group (OVX+TCD), exercise training plus traditional Chinese medicine group(OVX+ET+TCD). Carried ovariectomy in every group except the SHAM group. Three months later, made sure osteoporosis had appeared by dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry (DXA), then took another three months' treatment. Gave distilled water to the SHAM group, the OVX group and the OVX+ET group, once per day; gave GuKang 4.8g/kg (equal to ten times of normal clinic level) to the OVX+TCD group and the OVX+ET+TCD group, once per day; gave nylestriol 1mg/kg to the OVX+ES group, once per week, gave distilled water in the other days. Running as require in those two groups with exercise training. Using the PT98 running machine of electricity to train rats, the intensity of exercise training was increased gradually, to reach the designed demands (the speed of running was 20~22m/min, the slope was 5°, 1 hour per day, 5 days per week). Took hypodermic injectionwith Tetracycline Hydrochloride 25mg/kg and Calcein 5mg/kg on 13 and 14 days, 3 and 4 days before execution, double in vivace fluorochrome labeling were administered to all rats. On the day before execution, used DXA to check the bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral contant (BMC). After execution, took out the left femur and tibia to check their BMD and BMC. Take the right tibia and the second lumbar vertebrae to check their bone histomorphometric. Took the right femur and the third lumbar vertebrae to check the biomechanics. Sliced up and checked the uterus, left straight muscle of thigh. Checked the content of albumen and antioxidation of the right straight muscle of thigh.Results: Changes of datum: (1) The body weight: The body weight of rat in the OVX group was most heavy and the body weight of rat in the OVX+ET+TCD group was most close to the SHAM group compared with the other groups. (2)The BMD : The BMD in the OVX+ET+TCD group increased by 8.33% and 12.44%(P<0.01) respectively in whole body and lumbar vertebrae, compared with the OVX group; BMD in the OVX+ET+TCD group increased by 1.53% (P>0.05) and 5.59% (P<0. 05) respectively in femur and tibia compared with the OVX group, the increase of femur was less than the OVX+ES group and the OVX+ET group (P>0. 05), the increase of tibia was less than the OVX+TCD group and the OVX+ET group (P>0. 05) . (3) The BMC: In whole body, lumbar and femur, the changes of BMC of ovariectomed rats through all treatments were not obvious. In tibia the BMC of ovariectomzed rat was increased remarkably by therapy of exercise training, traditional Chinese medicine GuKang and exercise training plus traditional Chinese medicine GuKang(P<0.05). (4) The index of motionless state of bone histomorphometric: Tibia' s trabecular area (Tb. Ar) increased by 103.94% (P<0. 01), the percent trabecular area (%Tb. Ar) increased by 110. 49% (P<0. 01), in the OVX+ET+TCD group compared with the OVX group , the range of increase was greater than the other treatment groups. The %Tb. Ar of lumbar vertebrae of the OVX+ET+TCD group increased by 17.00% (P>0. 05) compared with the OVX group, only less than the OVX+TCD group; Tibia' s trabecular perimeter (Tb. Pm) of the OVX+ET+TCD group increased by 80.28% (P<0.01) compared with the OVX group, only less than the OVX+ES group; Tibia' s trabecular width (Tb. Th) was the most width within all the groups, compared with the OVX group, Tb. Th of tibia increased by 19.63% (P>0.05) and the Tb.Th of lumbar vertebrae increased by 11. 30%(P>0.05); In the OVX+ET+TCD group, trabecular number (Tb. N)of tibia increased by 83.99%(P<0.01) compared with the OVX group, only less than the OVX+ES group, and the Tb. N of lumbar vertebrae was the most compared with other treatment groups, increased by 7.11% (P>0. 05) compared with the OVX group; Trabecular sparation (Tb. SP) of tibia and lumbar vertebrae in the OVX+ET+TCD group decreased by 60.96%(P<0. 01)and 10.38% (P>0. 05) respectively, compared with the OVX group , was the best group within all treatment groups, was the only group that with the least difference with the SHAM group (P>0. 05) . (5) The index of motion state of bone histomorphometric: Percent label perimeter (%L.Pm) in the OVX+ET+TCD group, tibia and lumbar vertebrae increased by 100.38% and 59. 42%(P<0.05) respectively compared with the OVX+ES group, also greater than the SHAM group, the range increased in tibia was greater than the OVX+TCD group but less than the OVX+ET group, the range increased in lumbar vertebrae was greater than the OVX+ET group but less than the OVX+TCD group; The mineral apposition rate (MAR) of tibia and lumbar vertebrae in the OVX+ET+TCD group increased by 65.14% and 20. 28%(P<0. 05) respectively compared with the OVX+ES group, the range increased in tibia was greater than the OVX+TCD group, close to the SHAM group but less than the OVX+ET group, lumbar vertebrae MAR was the highest compared with the other treatment groups; Lumbar vertebrae' s bone formation rate (BFR) in the OVX+ET+TCD group was the highest compared with other treatment groups; bone formation rate /BS (BFR/BS), bone formation rate /BV (BFR/BV) , bone formation rate /TV (BFR/TV) of lumbar vertebrae in the OVX+ET+TCD group increased by 86.38% , 82.63% and 112.27%(P<0. 05) respectively compared with the OVX+ES group. Tibia' s BFR in the OVX+ET+TCD group was greater than the OVX+ES group, BFR/BS, BFR/BV, BFR/TV increased by 151.66%(P<0.05), 134.80%(P>0.05) and 153.15%(P<0.05) respectively, but less than the OVX+ET group and the OVX+TCD group, with distinctly difference compared with the OVX+ET group(P<0.01).Osteoclast number per ram (Oc. N/mm) in the OVX+ET+TCD group, tibia and lumbar vertebrae decreased by 18. 21%(P>0.05) and 0. 28%(P<0.01) respectively compared with the OVX group. Osteoclast number per mm~2 (0c. N/mm~2) in the OVX+ET+TCD group, tibia and lumbar vertebrae reduced by 32.51%(P<0.05) and 49.08%(P<0.01) respectively compared with the OVX group, the datum of tibia was quite close to the SHAM group (P>0.05), but quite lower in lumbar vertebrae (P<0. 01). (6) The tissue slice of bones : The volume, number and arrangement of trabecular became better in every treatment groups compared with the OVX group, especiallyin the OVX+ET+TCD group, but still couldn' t reach the normal level. (7)The biomechanics of bone: Femoral neck structural mechanical strength in the OVX+ET+TCD group was greater than the OVX+ET group, but lower than the other groups; Lumbar vertebrae maximum compressive load and maximum resistant stress in the OVX+ET+TCD group increased by 19.16%(P<0. 01) compared with the OVX group, it' s function was better than other treatment groups, fund distinctive difference compared with the OVX+ET group (P<0. 01), but still hadn' t reached the normal level (P<0.01). (8) The tissue slice of uterus: Uterus shrink and thin, mucous membrane also shrink and thin, gland decreased, internal membrane increased in the OVX group, the OVX+ET group, the OVX+TCD group and the OVX+ET+TCD group; the thickness of internal membrane of uterus in the OVX+ET+TCD group reduced by 23. 73%(P<0. 01) and 12. 99%(P<0. 05) compared with the SHAM group and the OVX+ES group, the weight of uterus in the OVX+ET+TCD group reduced by 43.80%(P<0.01) and 71. 98%(P<0. 01) compared with the SHAM group and the OVX+ES group, these two datum had meaningless in statistics in the OVX+ET+TCD group and the OVX group. (9) Datum of straight muscle of thigh: The content of albumen and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity in the OVX+ET+TCD group were the highest compared with the other groups, increased by 21.50% and 82. 35%(P<0. 01) respectively compared with the OVX group, and the SOD activity had distinctly difference with the other treatment groups (P<0.05). Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity in the OVX+ET+TCD group was higher than the OVX group (P>0.05), but lower than the OVX+TCD group and the OVX+ES group (P<0. 05) . The content of Maleic Dialdehyde (MDA) in the OVX+ET+TCD group was lower than the other groups, reduced by 51. 06%(P<0.01) compared with the OVX group, and with distinctly difference compared with the OVX+TCD group (P<0.01).Conclusion: (1)Thi s study take the 6-month SD rat as the object of experiment, 3 months later, the ovariectomed rat can reproduce the animal model of osteoporosis successfully. (2)The main cause of postmenopausal osteoporosis is lacking estrogen, this study take the nylestriol as positive drug. Estrogen supplement can rectify negative imbalance in bone remodeling process, but have obvious side effect on uterus. (3)The kinesitherapy can take good effects on bone of ovariectomed rat through many mechanisms, and it is no side effect on uterus. The medical supervision should be emphatic in process of...
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