Studies On Characteristics Of Eco-environment And Vegetation Construction Of The Coal Dumping Lands In North China

Up to now, research on the succession law of vegetation on coal dumping lands has not been reported. Based on the theory of vegetation succession and the theory of soil genesis and based on the methods of literature review, field investigation, and experiments, the author has made a study on analyzing the eco-environment characteristics, vegetation type, effect on soil improvement of coal dumping lands, and the technology of artificial vegetation construction in the areas of Fuxin, Zhengzhou,Yanzhou and Tongchuan coal dumping lands. The study is innovative in that it has made a classification of coal dumping lands, an assessment of pollution of heavy metals in soil, and a description of the vegetation succession law of coal dumping lands. The results are summarized as follows:(1) The study has examined the soil characteristics in 13 coal dumping lands in north China, including pH, temperature, moisture and the content of organic matter, N, P, K, S, As, Hg, Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, and pollution degrees. The paper pointed out that the basic characteristics of eco-environment of the coal dumping lands in North China are dry climate, shallow soil, high temperature, insufficiency of water and nutrition, and severe pollution of heavy metal. The pollution varies with different coal dumping locations. The Pb pollution is the worst in Wangjiahe coal dumping lands of Tongchuan area (3rd level), the As pollution in villages of Chaohua and Micun are at the 2nd level, while the Hg pollution is above middle level excepting for the coal dumping lands in Peigou area.(2) The coal dumping lands are classified into seven categories by means of fuzzy cluster analysis. The vegetation types are identified. In addition, the site types are distinguished and the vegetation distribution of each site type of coal dumping lands is identified.(3) The succession process of herbaceous vegetation of coal dumping lands falls...