| The basic pension insurance system for urban enterprise employees,as a pillar system design of the pension insurance system and an important component of the entire social security field,includes basic pensions that serve as the "regulator" of the economy and society,which can serve as the source of income redistribution adjustment function.On the other hand,it serves as the "stabilizer" of the economy and society,and can also be seen as the purpose of income redistribution.Therefore,China is continuously deepening reforms to improve the overall level of basic pension planning.Since the 1980 s,it has successively gone through the national coordination stage under cash as you go,the enterprise coordination stage under cash as you go,the county and city level coordination stage under cash as you go,the provincial coordination stage under the combination of unified accounting,and the national coordination stage officially launched in January 2022.At present,the basic pension insurance for urban employees in China has entered the era of national pooling.However,this has only begun.On the one hand,relevant supporting documents and implementation rules have not yet been released,and on the other hand,the implementation process also faces various obstacles such as interest games between regions,the central government,and regions.Therefore,the research on the path design of national pooling of basic pension is particularly important.This article takes the low-income,middle-income,and high-income groups in 31 provinces of China as the research object.Starting from the current basic pension calculation and payment methods,four different national unified planning and payment plans are designed.The basic pension benefits received by different income groups in 31 provinces of China under four different plan designs are calculated and studied,and the dispersion coefficient is calculated We analyzed and compared the income redistribution effects of each plan based on the income redistribution coefficient and income gap index.Research has found that based on Scheme 1,the changes in the basic pension benefits of employees from different income groups under Scheme 2,3,and 4 are constantly increasing,and the income redistribution effect is also gradually increasing.Based on the current situation in China and the empirical research results,the author believes that a reasonable national coordinated path selection should consider both the resistance faced by the plan and the income redistribution effect of the plan.Therefore,selecting the gradual path from Plan 1 to Plan 4 according to the time period is the most ideal choice.In addition,timely implementation of the "basic pension benefits+local additional basic pension benefits" plan,properly addressing the obstacles encountered in the overall planning process,in order to achieve the goal of achieving the most complete national overall planning as soon as possible. |
