Research On Regional Differences Of Expenditures Of Urban Employees’ Basic Pension Insurance Fund

The urban employees’ basic pension insurance has the characteristics of wide coverage and large number of participants,but the regional differences in the urban employees’ basic pension insurance are obvious.In 2020,although from a national perspective,the accumulated fund balance is sufficient to ensure the normal distribution of pensions,the fund income and expenditure situation will show a trend of polarization.Some provinces have sufficient accumulated fund balance,while the accumulated fund balance of some provinces have bottomed out.In order to further study the regional differences in the expenditure of the urban employees’ basic pension insurance,this thesis selects the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2010 to 2019,and uses the Theil index to calculate the total Theil index and the differences in fund expenditure between and within the eastern,central,and western regions are found to be gradually narrowing,and the difference in fund expenditures among provinces within the region has become the main source of the total difference.In this thesis,the fixed effect model is used to study the influencing factors of the expenditure of the urban employees’ basic pension insurance fund at the national level and the regional differences of the influencing factors.The thesis found that among the population factors,the urban elderly dependency ratio and urbanization rate were significantly positively correlated with the level of fund expenditure,and the education level was significantly negatively correlated with the level of fund expenditure;among the institutional factors,the institutional coverage rate,pension replacement rate,and institutional support rate are all significantly positively correlated with the level of fund expenditure;among economic factors,the per capita GDP is significantly negatively correlated with the level of fund expenditure,and the average wage level is significantly positively correlated with the level of fund expenditure.This thesis uses the multiplication term of each influencing factor and the regional dummy variable to construct a model to further study the regional difference of fund expenditure,and draws the conclusion that the influence degree of different influencing factors on the eastern,central and western regions is different.According to the research conclusions of this thesis,the suggestions put forward in this thesis mainly include: first,gradually delaying retirement age and extending the payment period;second,promoting coordinated regional development and increasing the employment rate;third,improving the top-level design and gradually realizing national pension insurance planning.