Comparative Advantage Of Citrus And Major Crops In The South

China is a big agricultural country.In the rapid process of urbanization and industrialization,agricultural production will be constrained by more and more resources due to the drive of comparative benefits.Agriculture is a weak industry,and it is even more necessary to explore the comparative benefits of crops in the agricultural production process.This is not only the goal of sustainable agricultural development,but also the need for optimizing resource allocation.In this paper,southern China is taken as the research area,the comparative benefits of citrus,southern rice and corn are taken as the research object,based on the relevant theories of resource endowment,comparative benefits and opportunity cost,etc.,the data required for this study from 2000 to 2021 are summarized and sorted out,and the resource endowment advantage index,domestic resource cost and comprehensive comparative advantage index are calculated and analyzed.To evaluate the comparative benefits of citrus,rice and corn in southern China.To construct the analysis framework of influencing factors of comparative benefits,grey correlation method was adopted to analyze the corresponding grey correlation degree of each influencing factor,and to clarify the main factors affecting the comparative benefits of citrus,rice and corn.The influence degree of each index on the comparative profit coefficient of various crops was studied,and the influence degree of each factor was ranked to obtain the correlation degree and correlation order of each factor.Combined with the conclusion of the study,it provides countermeasures and suggestions for the development of crops in southern China,and provides direct reference for agricultural producers in southern China.The following conclusions are drawn from the research:(1)From 2000 to 2021,the planting area of citrus changed the most,increasing by121.4%,followed by that of corn,increasing by 44.82%,and that of rice decreased by0.98%.By comparing the cost of citrus,rice and corn in 2021,it is found that the cost advantage of corn > the cost advantage of rice > the cost advantage of citrus.By comparing the production efficiency of citrus,rice and corn in 2021,it is found that the total income and yield of citrus are far greater than that of rice and corn,and the production efficiency of citrus is > the production efficiency of corn > the production efficiency of rice.(2)Citrus all have resource endowment advantages,with Fujian having the most comparative advantage.In contrast,Guangdong has the smallest comparative advantage and Jiangxi has the most comparative advantage in rice.Fujian’s rice has resource endowment disadvantages,while corn does not have resource endowment advantages;The domestic resource cost coefficients of Guangxi corn in 2016,2019,and 2020,as well as Fujian rice in 2020,are significantly inferior and do not have comparative benefits.The crops studied in other years and regions have comparative benefits;Citrus has scale advantages,while Hubei has the smallest comparative advantage and rice has scale advantages.Chongqing has the smallest comparative advantage and corn does not have scale advantages;Citrus from Jiangxi,Hubei,and Chongqing do not have efficiency advantages,while rice from Hunan,Fujian,Jiangxi,Guangdong,and Guangxi do not have efficiency advantages,and corn does not have efficiency advantages;Citrus from Guangdong,Guangxi,Chongqing,and Fujian have economic advantages,while rice from Chongqing and Hubei has economic advantages,while corn does not;Citrus all have comprehensive comparative advantages,while citrus in Chongqing has the smallest comprehensive comparative advantage.Rice in Chongqing,Hunan,Fujian,Guangdong,and Guangxi do not have comprehensive comparative advantages,and corn does not have comprehensive comparative advantages.(3)By comparing the weighted average values of various comparative benefit indices between citrus and southern rice and corn,it was found that citrus has significant comparative benefits among the six comparative benefit evaluation index coefficients.Southern rice has advantages in resource endowment,domestic resource cost coefficient,and scale among the six comparative benefit evaluation index coefficients.Among the six comparative benefit index evaluation coefficients,southern corn only has the advantage of domestic resource cost coefficient.The comparative benefits of citrus in the southern region are greater than those of rice and corn,and there are five items where the comparative benefits of rice outweigh those of corn.Therefore,it can be concluded that the comparative benefits of crops in the southern region are: citrus comparative benefits>rice comparative benefits>corn comparative benefits.(4)The total output of national citrus has the greatest influence on the advantage of citrus resource endowment,the total output of rice has the greatest influence on the advantage of rice resource endowment,and the total output of national corn has the greatest influence on the advantage of corn resource endowment.The number of working days in the current year has the greatest impact on the domestic resource cost of citrus,the number of working days in the current year has the greatest impact on the domestic resource cost of rice,and the number of corn labor has the greatest impact on the domestic resource cost of corn.In the comprehensive comparative advantage of citrus,the largest influencing factor is net profit of citrus,and the ranking of influencing factors is scale advantage > efficiency advantage > benefit advantage.In the comprehensive comparative advantage of rice,the largest influencing factor is net profit of rice,and the ranking of influencing factors is scale advantage > efficiency advantage >benefit advantage.In the comprehensive comparative advantage of corn,the largest influencing factor is the total area of corn.The order of influencing factors was benefit advantage > scale advantage > efficiency advantage.Based on the above research conclusions,this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions:(1)citrus trees do not compete with grain and cotton on the mountain beach;(2)Give full play to the comparative advantages of southern crops;(3)Continuously improve the level of agricultural mechanization and promote agricultural modernization;(4)Strengthen the structural adjustment of southern corn industry.