Analysis Of The Effect Of Leading Enterprises On Farmers’ Income Increase In Underdeveloped Areas

With the great success of poverty alleviation in China,rural society has entered a new era.The basic livelihood of China’s poor people has been fully guaranteed,but it is still an arduous task to promote rural revitalization,develop agricultural industrialization,and promote the income of low-income people.The "14th Five-Year Plan" clearly puts forward the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization,the key to promoting rural revitalization is to promote industrial revitalization,encourage and support the peasant masses to develop characteristic agriculture,rural tourism,courtyard economy based on local resources,increase farmers’ income through multiple channels,focus on increasing the income of low-income groups,and expand middle-income groups.As a new force leading and driving the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas,agricultural and rural modernization,and an important subject driving farmers’ employment and income,leading enterprises play an irreplaceable role in accelerating the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas.Objectively evaluating the driving effect of enterprises on farmers is conducive to enterprises continuously improving their own strength and driving efficiency,continuously promoting farmers’ income,and providing an important driving force for the development of agricultural industrialization.This study focuses on the income increase effect of agricultural leading enterprises on farmers,and from the perspective of qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the driving effect of enterprises,the research area is based on agriculture-oriented professional villages with a long history of planting development and agricultural leading enterprises with strong development capabilities.The relevant research on the "company + farmer" cooperation model and the related theories of rural industrial development were systematically sorted out:agricultural multifunctional theory,industrial integration theory,human capital theory,and farmer behavior theory.In Xijiangzhai Township,Kaifeng City,field research and interviews were conducted to deeply understand the status and income changes of farmers’ participation in leading enterprises,on this basis,the income increase effect of leading enterprises on farmers was analyzed,and three hypotheses were put forward based on the field research findings,taking the data obtained by the survey farmers as samples,a binary Probit regression model,a stepwise regression model and a quantile regression model were established,and the influencing factors affecting the willingness of farmers to participate,the driving effect of enterprises on farmers and the differences between farmers at different income levels were analyzed.Consider the impact of human capital,family characteristics and other attributes on their income.The conclusions of the study show that:(1)The gender of the head of the household,the grade of the land,the area of cultivated land,and the degree of contact with capable people have a significant impact on the participation of farmers in leading enterprises,which is reflected in the fact that the gender of the head of the household is male,the higher the land grade,the larger the cultivated land area,and the closer the relationship with capable people,the more conducive to promoting the participation of farmers in leading enterprises.(2)The participation of leading enterprises has a significant positive impact on the per capita net income of rural households,and the driving effect of participating leading enterprises on rural households is objective,and the effect of participating in leading enterprises in driving income increase for sample households with different household characteristics is more obvious.(3)For farmers at different income levels,the income increase effect of leading enterprises is different,and the impact of leading enterprises on farmers with lower income levels and farmers with high income levels is significant,especially for low-income households,and the effect of promoting income increase is the most obvious.(4)The effect of increasing farmers’ income is also closely related to the attributes of farmers’ human capital and household characteristics.The distance from the township government and the leading enterprise,the age of the head of the household,the number of migrant workers and the area of cultivated land all had a significant impact on the income of rural households,which were as follows: distance from the township government and leading enterprises,number of migrant workers and cultivated land area could significantly promote the increase of farmers’ income,while the older the head of household,the less conducive to the increase of household income.At different income levels,the factors affecting farmers’ income are dynamically changing,as follows: as farmers’ incomes increase,the influence of soil grade,sales assistance,and contact with capable people and village cadres weakens,while the influence of gender of the head of household,education level,labor force,dependency ratio,farming style,planting technology,technology and financial assistance increases with the increase of income.Finally,based on the results of relevant research theories and empirical analysis,this paper puts forward the following reference policy suggestions for leading enterprises to continuously help achieve the prosperity of rural households and the coordinated development of rural industries,and improve the income of rural households: develop and strengthen leading enterprises,improve their comprehensive strength,create a development model with close participation of farmers,effectively solve the development needs of farmers,improve the pattern of benefit distribution,and protect the rights and interests of actors.