Heterogeneity And Optimization Of Poverty Reduction Effects Of Rural Infrastructure In Hebei Province

With the comprehensive elimination of absolute poverty in China’s rural areas,a new stage will be entered with the alleviation of relative poverty as the main governance task.Meanwhile,the construction of rural public service system with rural infrastructure construction as the main content is the key task of China’s rural development and new rural construction,as well as the foundation of rural economic and social development,and the key to improving the rural development environment.The establishment of rural infrastructure that fully takes into account regional differences and the targeted construction of infrastructure distribution and structural adjustment oriented to poverty reduction is crucial to alleviate the relative poverty of rural residents.In particular,Hebei Province has actively promoted industrial poverty alleviation while strengthening public infrastructure such as education,medical care,and social security,which has substantially improved the production and living conditions in poor areas during the poverty alleviation phase.Although Hebei Province has made some progress in poverty reduction,there are still problems and challenges in the construction of rural infrastructure,such as unbalanced construction structure and difficulties in infrastructure maintenance.Therefore,this paper combines the existing studies and experiences,sets the relative poverty line from low to high income,and constructs a multidimensional relative poverty indicator system based on "two no worries and three guarantees" taking into account the living standards of rural households to measure the multidimensional poverty of rural residents in Hebei Province,and then uses the 2012-2018 China Household Tracking Survey(CFPS)Then,using the2012-2018 China Household Tracking Survey(CFPS)and the provincial matching data on infrastructure construction in Hebei province,we empirically investigated the multidimensional poverty reduction effect of rural infrastructure society and the degree heterogeneity and inter-regional heterogeneity of the contribution of various types of infrastructure to poverty reduction through a two-way fixed effects model.The results of the study found that:(1)In the income dimension,40% of the median per capita income of residents is recommended to determine the relative income poverty line in rural areas at the initial stage of relative poverty management for rural residents in Hebei Province.In the non-income dimension,the threshold should be set at a level higher than the absolute poverty standard but not beyond the current development stage in order to respond to the need to shift from absolute poverty to the form of relative poverty management.(2)Rural residents in Hebei Province are usually in poverty on 1～4 indicators,and their poverty incidence rates are all above 10%.Xingtai,Langfang and Hengshui rural areas all have the highest multidimensional poverty incidence,and housing and pension insurance have become the key governance dimensions in the rural relative poverty alleviation stage in Hebei province.(3)The empirical results of infrastructure poverty reduction effect show that rural infrastructure construction in Hebei province has a significant effect on the alleviation of multidimensional relative poverty of rural residents,and the conclusion still holds after considering the endogeneity issue and passing the robustness test.(4)The results of the heterogeneity analysis of infrastructure poverty alleviation effects show that the multidimensional poverty alleviation effects of rural infrastructure in Hebei province vary by type,among which transportation,energy,medical and digital infrastructure construction can have significant negative effects on relatively poor residents,but the poverty alleviation effects of water infrastructure are not significant.In addition,digital infrastructure has a much greater impact on alleviating rural relative poverty than other dimensions of infrastructure.Therefore,further optimization measures for rural infrastructure construction in Hebei Province to alleviate multidimensional relative poverty are proposed in terms of optimizing the regional development strategy of transportation infrastructure,strengthening the construction of weak links in water conservancy infrastructure,improving the quantity and quality of energy infrastructure supply,accelerating the development level of medical infrastructure,and enhancing the efficiency of digital infrastructure resources utilization in a targeted manner.