Analysis Of The Transformation Mechanism Of Smallholder Farming Under The Background Of Rural Revitalization

Smallholder farmers and smallholder economies have long been seen as the epitome of backward,inefficient traditional agricultural production methods.By the end of 2016,there were still more than 200 million farmers in the country,accounting for 98.1% of the main agricultural production,and "small farmers in large countries" is the best summary of the current situation of agricultural production in China.In recent years,as the country has paid more and more attention to the status and role of small farmers in the process of agricultural production and rural development,the report of the 20 th National Congress clearly pointed out,"We must base ourselves on China’s national conditions,based on the resource endowment of many people and little land,the historical heritage of agricultural civilization,and the requirements of the times of harmonious coexistence between man and nature,follow our own road,and not simply copy the foreign model of modern agricultural power." In this context,how to transform the operation mode of smallholder farmers and achieve the development goal of an agricultural power has become a hot topic in the academic circles.This paper attempts to explore the reasons and shaping mechanisms of smallholder business transformation based on the interaction between smallholder farmers,the government,the market and the community,taking smallholder farmers as research units.Based on the case analysis,it is found that the three traditional business methods of pure planting,grazing and "part-work and half-farming" coexist in the local area,and small farmers often find it difficult to maintain production due to natural endowments,market fluctuations,labor loss and other factors,and the traditional production methods are on the verge of collapse.With the rapid advancement of agricultural and rural modernization,the state pays more and more attention to the status of small farmers in the agricultural production system,and in terms of dynamic mechanism,administrative forces and market forces have encouraged small farmers to transform into a "combination of planting and breeding" business mode.In terms of the division of labor mechanism,the complementarity of agricultural socialization services and household labor has led to the additional labor brought about by the transformation of business methods;In terms of mutual aid mechanisms,local resources provide a guarantee for the transformation and maintenance of smallholder farmers’ business methods.Even if villagers achieve the transformation of their business methods,their business methods still face policy restrictions from the government and the squeeze and impact of the upstream market,which not only squeeze the production space of small farmers,reduce the production enthusiasm of small farmers,but also weaken the production subjectivity of small farmers.Based on this,this paper puts forward targeted policy suggestions,including strengthening the support of subsidy policies for small farmers,combining villagers’ mutual assistance to develop the rural economy,creating online agricultural product sales channels,improving the digital quality of farmers,and encouraging multiple subjects to cooperate in the agricultural field,improving the agricultural socialization service system,etc.,so as to promote the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development,optimize the industrial structure,and realize rural revitalization on the basis of maintaining the production autonomy of small farmers.