A Study On The Impact Of Rural Land Dependence On Farmers’ Willingness To Withdraw From Land Contractual Management Rights

As the country’s economy grows more prosperous and the urbanization rate increases year by year,A large number of rural labor force to the city one-way transfer,and the rural farming population continues to decrease,resulting in many land problems such as "abandoning farming but not abandoning land" and a large amount of contracted land being left idle.This is not conducive to the promotion of new rural construction,the revitalization of the countryside,and the development strategy of a strong agricultural country.At present,the mainstream policy for withdrawal of contracted land management rights is to provide material compensation to the withdrawing farmers,but few relevant policies take into account the farmers’ emotions towards the land.With the continuous improvement of material living conditions,the influence of farmers’ sentimental emotions toward the land has been strengthened while the economic considerations have been weakened.Therefore,this study discusses whether farmers’ willingness to withdraw from land contracting rights is significantly related to farmland dependence through the perspective of farmland dependence,and whether farmland dependence has a significant impact on farmers’ willingness to withdraw from farmland,which expands the research perspective of willingness to withdraw from land contracting rights and plays an important role in promoting the withdrawal of land contracting rights.This paper firstly compares and reviews the literature on the two main aspects of farmers’ willingness to withdraw from land contract management rights and farmland dependence,defines the main concepts,and then reveals the mechanism of farmers’ willingness to choose to withdraw from land contract management rights according to the relevant theories,and which dependence of farmers has an impact on the willingness to withdraw from land contract management rights.Next,a questionnaire and a farmland dependency scale were developed by referring to the literature and combining the results of the actual survey,then a pre-survey was conducted and the questionnaire was optimized and adjusted according to the results of the pre-survey,while a field research was conducted with Wuxi County,Chongqing as the study area.The study distributed 241 questionnaires,and 213 valid questionnaires were collected,with a valid rate of 88%.Based on theoretical analysis and actual research results,27 indicators including five categories of individual characteristics,household characteristics,contracted land characteristics,policy cognition and farmland dependence were selected to construct a model of the influence of farmland dependence on farmers’ willingness to withdraw from contracted land management rights.Finally,the research data were analyzed,and the structural equation model was tested using SPSS and AMOS software,and corresponding policy recommendations were proposed for the research findings.After the study,the following conclusions were drawn: first,farmers’ farmland dependence had a significant negative effect on their willingness to withdraw from land contracting rights.The stronger the economic dependence on farmland,the less likely it is to withdraw from land contracting rights;the stronger the emotional dependence on farmland,the less likely it is to withdraw from land contracting rights.Second,formative indicators had a differentiated impact on farmers’ willingness to withdraw from land contracting rights.The number of children raised had a significant negative effect on farmers’ willingness to withdraw from land contracting rights;working experience,degree of family support,contracted land area,and number of contracted plots had a positive effect on farmers’ willingness to withdraw from land contracting rights.Third,policy perceptions positively influenced farmers’ willingness to withdraw from land contracting.In addition,most of the farmers in the study area did not understand the ownership of land contracting rights,and many of the interviewees believed that land contracting rights were privately owned.Therefore,farmers’ farmland dependence,especially emotional dependence,should be taken into consideration as an important influencing factor when formulating land contracting rights withdrawal policies.Based on the above findings,the following suggestions are made: to improve the guarantee system for land contracting rights withdrawal to eliminate farmers’ worries about land withdrawal;to broaden farmers’ income channels and expand the scope of farmers’ employment;to improve the compensation mechanism for land withdrawal and strengthen policy publicity;to seek diversified withdrawal methods and to differentiate the formulation strategies.