Study On The Impact Of Digital Economy On Multidimensional Relative Poverty In Xinjiang

In 2020,China has won the historic battle against poverty,achieved the first 100-year goal,built a moderately prosperous society,and opened a new chapter in the work of the "three rural areas" in the new era.However,the elimination of absolute poverty does not mean that the problem of poverty no longer exists,and it is not the end of China’s anti-poverty efforts.International historical development experience tells us that the problem of poverty will persist in any social form.As a typical "small,remote and poor" region,the fight against multidimensional relative poverty in Xinjiang has become the focus of the next phase of poverty management in Xinjiang.The 14 th Five-Year Plan of China clearly puts forward "vigorously developing digital economy and building digital China",which means that China has entered a period of rapid development of digital economy,which will bring more profound changes to the economy and society.The digital economy,with its strong penetration and wide coverage,is now penetrating into the vast rural areas and changing the production and life style of rural residents in an unprecedented way,which provides a new solution to alleviate multidimensional relative poverty.Therefore,how to manage multidimensional relative poverty with the help of digital information technology in the era of digital economy becomes a new research topic,which is also the focus of this thesis.Based on the theories of Metcalfe’s law,Moore’s law,multidimensional poverty theory and digital divide theory,this study constructs a systematic research framework of "mechanism of action-characteristic facts-effect assessment-mechanism identification-countermeasure suggestion".First,this thesis systematically constructs the mechanism of the digital economy on multidimensional relative poverty,analyzes the direct impact of the digital economy on multidimensional relative poverty in three dimensions: income,education and medical care,and analyzes the indirect impact of the digital economy on multidimensional relative poverty in terms of the level of rural entrepreneurship and agricultural production efficiency;second,analyzes the digital infrastructure,digital economy structure,digital development environment and ecommerce development in Xinjiang.The current situation of digital economy development is analyzed in terms of digital infrastructure construction,digital industry development and digital inclusive finance,and the evaluation index system is selected to measure the level of digital economy development in Xinjiang counties;again,the current situation of multidimensional relative poverty in Xinjiang is analyzed in terms of income level,education resources and medical conditions,and the evaluation index system is selected to measure the level of multidimensional relative poverty in Xinjiang counties in three dimensions: income dimension,education dimension and medical dimension.poverty level;then,using panel data of 90 counties and cities in Xinjiang from 2016 to 2020,we empirically analyzed the impact effect of digital economy on multidimensional relative poverty in Xinjiang using fixed-effects model,and conducted heterogeneity tests by dimension and region,robustness tests by replacing explanatory and explanatory variables,and endogeneity tests by finding instrumental variables;meanwhile,we constructed a mediating mechanism model to empirically analyzes the mediating effect of rural entrepreneurship level and agricultural production efficiency in the impact of digital economy on multidimensional relative poverty in Xinjiang,further verifies the mediating effect by Bootstrap test,and conducts a heterogeneity test from region;finally,on the basis of summarizing the findings of this thesis,targeted countermeasure suggestions for digital economy to alleviate multidimensional relative poverty in Xinjiang are proposed.Based on the above seven chapters,the following main conclusions are obtained in this thesis.First,in measuring the development of digital economy in Xinjiang,the digital infrastructure construction is measured by the cell phone penetration rate and Internet penetration rate,the digital industry development level is measured by the total postal service per capita and the total telecommunication service per capita,and the digital financial inclusion level is measured by the breadth of coverage,depth of use and digitalization of digital financial inclusion,which finally forms a digital infrastructure construction,digital industry development level and digital financial inclusion level.The final index system consists of three dimensions:digital infrastructure construction,digital industry development and digital inclusive finance,and is measured by the entropy method.The results show that the level of digital economy development in Xinjiang is improving,but there are significant regional differences,with the level of digital economy development and growth rate in the northern border region being higher than those in the southern border region,which is forming a regional digital divide.Second,in terms of measuring the multidimensional relative poverty level in Xinjiang,12 basic indicators in three dimensions of income,education and healthcare were selected to establish an evaluation system and measured using the A-F method.The results show that the multidimensional relative poverty in Xinjiang gradually improves,with 0 extremely poor counties,only 2severe poor counties remaining,20 moderately poor counties decreasing,53 light poor counties increasing,and 15 non-poor counties as of 2020,with poverty structures of 0%,2.22%,22.22%,58.89%,and 16.67%.Third,panel data of 90 counties and cities in Xinjiang from 2016 to 2020 were selected to empirically analyze the effect of digital economy on multidimensional relative poverty in Xinjiang using a fixed-effects model,and heterogeneity tests were conducted by dimension and region,robustness tests were conducted by replacing explanatory and explanatory variables,and instrumental variables were sought for endogeneity tests.The results show that digital economy development can alleviate multidimensional relative poverty in Xinjiang;the sub-dimensionality test finds that digital economy can effectively alleviate income relative poverty,education relative poverty and medical relative poverty;the regional heterogeneity test finds that the effect of digital economy in alleviating multidimensional relative poverty is more significant in northern Xinjiang than in southern Xinjiang;the robustness test finds that after replacing the explanatory and explanatory variables,digital economy development can alleviate multidimensional relative poverty in Xinjiang still holds;the endogeneity test finds that there is no endogeneity in digital economy development alleviating multidimensional relative poverty in Xinjiang after using instrumental variables.Fourth,panel data of 90 counties and cities in Xinjiang from 2016-2020 are selected to construct a mediating mechanism model to empirically analyze the mechanism of the digital economy’s effect on multidimensional relative poverty in Xinjiang.The empirical results show that there is a mediating effect of rural entrepreneurship level and agricultural production efficiency in the impact of digital economy on multidimensional relative poverty in Xinjiang,with the mediating effect of rural entrepreneurship level accounting for 10.90% and agricultural production efficiency accounting for 14.81%;the regional heterogeneity test finds that the mediating effect of rural entrepreneurship level and agricultural production efficiency is more significant in the northern border region than in the southern border region.