The Formation Mechanism Of Side-hustle Intention And Its Influence On The Performance Of Full-time Job

Employees’ working styles and concepts are changing rapidly under the catalysis of the gig economy,and the phenomenon of doing side-hustle is becoming more and more common.Side-hustle,as a job that can bring income to individuals in addition to the main job,has become an excellent choice for individuals to increase their living income,and effectively develop and utilize their own skills,which is sought after by employees of enterprises,but also makes managers feel headache.Academics also have mixed views on the impact of a worker’s side-hustle on an organization,and studies have not been clear on what motivates them to take up a side-hustle.Therefore,it is urgent to further clarify the cause and effect of employee’s side-hustle intention and behavior.Starting from these two questions,this paper constructs and analyzes two hypothesis models under the guidance of the corresponding theoretical basis.Based on the motivation theory,study 1 discusses the influence of side-hustle meaningfulness on employees’ side-hustle intention and analyzed the moderating effect of individual skill diversity.Based on the boundary theory and conservation of the resource theory,in study 2,the mechanism model of the impact of employees’ side-hustle intention on the performance of the employees in the primary role was established,with the role breadth self-efficacy as the mediating variable and the full-time job crafting as the moderating variable.Through questionnaire survey,361 valid questionnaires were collected in study 1 and 405 valid questionnaires were collected in study 2.Then,empirical analysis was conducted by using data analysis software(SPSS 26.0 and MPLUS 7.4)to verify the research hypothesis.The results of study 1 show that the side-hustle meaningfulness has a positive impact on employees’ intention to engage in side-hustle,and the individual skill variety positively moderates the impact of side-hustle meaningfulness on employees’ side-hustle intention.In the effect model of employee’s side-hustle intention(study 2),employee’s side-hustle intention has a positive impact on their full-time job crafting,and the full-time job crafting has a positive impact on the in-role performance of full-time job,and the full-time job crafting has a complete mediating effect on the relationship between the side-hustle intention and the in-role performance of full-time job;Role breadth self-efficacy positively moderated the effect of side-hustle intention on full-time job crafting,and moderated the mediating effect of full-time job crafting on side-hustle intention and in-role performance.The results not only explain the starting point of the current phenomenon of employees engaged in side-hustle,but also analyze the potential path of the positive impact of this behavior on the organization.This study enriches the current discussion on the cause and effect of employee side-hustle behavior and expands the empirical application of relevant theories.And,this paper has practical significance: managers can better understand the motivation of employees to have side-hustle intention,and make clear how to manage employees to balance the main and side-hustle intention,so that their side-hustle intention has spillover effect on in-role performance of full-time.