| Achieving the growth of farmers’ income and improving the living standard of the majority of farmers has always been an important part of the country’s current "three rural" work,and the integrated development of the three rural industries is an important means to promote farmers’ income.Since 2015,the Central Government has repeatedly emphasized the importance of promoting the integrated development of the three rural industries.The integrated development of three rural industries is an inevitable trend to realize industrial prosperity,and industrial prosperity is an important link to realize rural revitalization,and the purpose of implementing rural revitalization strategy is to make farmers’ life rich and improve their living standard.Based on the above background,it is very necessary to address the following five questions:firstly,what is the trend and development level of the integration development of three rural industries in China;secondly,whether the integration of three rural industries can promote farmers’ income growth;thirdly,whether there is intermediary effect in the process of integration of three rural industries to promote farmers’ income growth;fourthly,in order to find the weak links in the process of integration of three rural industries to promote farmers’ income growth and formulate more Fourth,in order to identify the weaknesses in the process of promoting farmers’ income growth and to formulate more targeted policy recommendations,this study also needs to explore the impact of the integration of the three rural industries on farmers’ household income in terms of income structure;fifth,what kind of heterogeneity exists in the process of promoting farmers’ income growth through the integration of the three rural industries,including both regional heterogeneity and the heterogeneity of the promotion effect of the integration of the three rural industries on farmers’ income at different income levels.To address the above five questions,this study constructs a theoretical model based on industrial chain theory,transaction cost theory and farmer behavior theory,conducts theoretical analysis,and carries out empirical tests on the basis of theoretical analysis.Based on the panel data of 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government)from 2000 to 2020,this study comprehensively measures the level of integration development of rural three industries with the help of coupled coordination degree model and entropy value method,and constructs random effect model,mediating effect model,systematic GMM model and quantile regression model to conduct empirical research.The study found that: first,the overall development level of integration of the three rural industries in China shows an upward trend,but there is obvious regional heterogeneity among different provinces.From a national perspective,from 2000 to 2020,the average of the development level of integration of rural three industries in 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government)increased by 40%,with an average annual growth of about 2%.In terms of the level of development of rural three-product integration in each province,the more economically developed eastern provinces such as Zhejiang,Shandong,Jiangsu,Guangdong and Fujian have a higher level of rural three-product integration than other provinces.Some provinces in the western region,such as Gansu,Shanxi,Tibet and Ningxia,have a lower level of integration of rural three industries.Second,the integration of rural three industries can promote farmers’ income growth.Based on the industrial chain theory,the integration of rural three industries can expand the industrial chain,activate rural factors and markets,improve production efficiency,reduce transaction costs,generate value-added and promote farmers’ income growth.After alleviating the endogeneity problem,the impact of the integration of rural three industries on farmers’ income remains significant,which verifies to a certain extent the effectiveness of national policies related to the development of the integration of rural three industries.Thirdly,agricultural labor productivity plays a mediating role in the process of promoting farmers’ income growth through the integration of the three rural industries,which makes the effect of the integration of the three rural industries on farmers’ income increase "white box".Based on the industrial chain theory,the integration of the three rural industries can promote the clustering of upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain,reduce the cost and uncertainty of technological innovation,and thus promote agricultural labor productivity,which can promote farmers’ income growth.Fourth,the integration of three rural industries can significantly promote farmers’ income growth,mainly by promoting the growth of business income,wage income and transfer income of farm households.The possible reasons are as follows:(1)based on the industrial chain theory,the integration of the three rural industries in this study has led to the vertical extension of the agricultural industry chain,thus promoting the growth of farm households’ operating income;(2)based on the theory of farmers’ behavior,farmers are more inclined to choose new industries that can yield higher returns,and farmers are employed by leading agricultural enterprises or cooperatives,etc.,and their wage income increases;(3)the state,in order to promote the rural The transfer income of farm households grows under the guidance of relevant documents and policies in order to promote the development of the integration of the three industries;(4)property income accounts for a small proportion of farmers’ income,and the integration of the three rural industries has less impact on it.Fifth,there is heterogeneity in the impact of rural tri-product integration on farmers’ income,including both regional heterogeneity and heterogeneity in the promotion effect of rural tri-product integration on farmers’ income at different income levels.(1)From east to west,the impact of rural tri-product integration on farmers’ income shows a gradual weakening trend.Based on the industrial chain theory,the fundamental way to promote the development of the integration of the three rural industries is to realize the extension of the industrial chain,and the more developed the region,the greater the impact of the integration of the three rural industries on farmers’ income;(2)the effect of the integration of the three rural industries on improving farmers’ income at the low-income level is greater than that on improving farmers’ income at the middle-income level and high-income level.The findings of this study have some reference value in theory and practice.Based on the research findings,the following countermeasures are proposed: first,fully exploit various resource advantages and comparative advantages in rural areas to promote the development of the integration of rural three industries;second,improve the policy guarantee mechanism to promote the development of the integration of rural three industries;third,improve the effect of the integration of rural three industries on farmers’ income increase;fourth,give full play to the intermediary effect of agricultural labor productivity in the process of the integration of rural three industries to promote farmers’ income growth;fifth,while emphasizing the integration of rural three industries to promote farmers’ income growth,we should focus on the structural characteristics of farmers’ income and the growth of farmers’ sub-income. |
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