The Impact Of Home Country Environmental Characteristics On Export Exit Of Chinese Enterprises

In recent years,China’s manufacturing industry has faced severe dual challenges.Developed countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom have vigorously promoted the "return of manufacturing industry",and emerging economies have risen strongly by taking advantage of their cost advantages such as manpower and resources.The pattern of global manufacturing industry has changed significantly.At the same time,the trade frictions between China and the United States,the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic,the rise of unilateralism and protectionism,the global economy into a "long-term stagnation",a real threat to the sustainable development of international trade,export withdrawal phenomenon frequent.This paper takes Chinese manufacturing enterprises from 2011 to 2014 as the research object,combines environmental characteristics with resource dependence theory,and deeply understands the relationship between environmental characteristics and export exit.First of all,through the analysis of domestic and foreign political and economic situation background,this paper makes clear the possibility and necessity of enterprise internationalization exit,and makes a comprehensive analysis of domestic and foreign relevant literature.Secondly,theoretical and empirical tests are carried out for the influencing factors.This paper mainly uses panel data composed of China industrial enterprise database and China Customs enterprise database to conduct empirical analysis,explore the relationship between the environmental characteristics of the home country and the export exit of Chinese enterprises,test the moderating effect of product diversification on the relationship,and whether the impact of the environmental characteristics of the home country on the export exit of Chinese enterprises exists in the development level of the host country and the regional heterogeneity of enterprises.Finally,combined with the conclusions of theoretical analysis and empirical test,this paper puts forward relevant policy suggestions for export withdrawal behavior of enterprises.The results of this paper show that: first,the environmental characteristics of the home country will affect the export exit of enterprises.The inclusive and dynamic environment of the home country reduces the possibility of export exit,while the complex environment of the home country increases the possibility of export exit.Secondly,product diversification can regulate the relationship between them.Product diversification can enhance the environmental inclusiveness and environmental dynamics of the home country,which hinder the exit of enterprises.Third,with different development levels of host countries,the environmental characteristics of home countries have different impacts on export exit of enterprises.Compared with other countries,the dynamic and complex environment of home countries have more significant impacts on Chinese enterprises’ exit from developed countries.Enterprises in different geographical locations are affected by different environmental characteristics.Compared with the eastern region,the environmental inclusiveness and environmental dynamics of the home country can better reduce the export exit probability of enterprises in the central and western regions.Based on this,this paper puts forward the following suggestions: Enterprises can choose resource-rich regions and industries to engage in production and operation activities and employ high-quality management personnel,and at the same time,enrich product types as much as possible to reduce the possibility of export exit.