Farmland System, Scale Operation And Agricultural Production Efficienc

Agricultural production,agricultural security and food security have long occupied an extremely important and critical position in China.At present,China is in an important period of high-quality development,and agricultural production is in urgent need of transformation.As one of the factors of agricultural production,land is very important in China’s rural reform and agricultural high-quality development.It is found that the attribution of agricultural contract rights to households leads to the fragmentation of agricultural land property rights,which objectively results in the characteristics of small-scale and "decentralized" agricultural production.Such low mechanization level and small-scale operation make it difficult for agricultural production to achieve a greater leap.The reform of the "separation of powers" has released land management rights,encouraged the concentration of land to agricultural operators with higher agricultural production efficiency,promoted the development of new types of agricultural operators,established small-scale farmers and new types of agricultural operators to cooperate in management,and realized large-scale management through various forms,thus promoting agricultural development.A systematic investigation into the history of changes in China’s land system shows that both the contract system and the separation of three rights were forced out in order to promote the reform of agricultural production mode under the constraints of reality.The reform on the separation of the three powers,which began in 2014,aims to further narrow the gap between urban and rural areas,solve the problems of scale,intensification and specialization in agricultural production,operation and development,and realize the economic and social transformation in agriculture and rural areas by matching and adapting new modes of production to new productive forces.Based on this,this paper firstly theoretically analyzes two ways that the reform of the "separation of powers" affects the efficiency of agricultural production and management.First,how the reform of the separation of three rights achieves agricultural scale through the new agricultural management body;Second,how to influence and optimize the structure of agricultural investment and develop agricultural specialized production and management.In order to verify the theoretical analysis and relevant judgments of this paper,based on the provincial panel data from 2006 to 2020,the author conducted an empirical study using the progressive difference-difference model,and found that the reform of " separation of powers " is conducive to the improvement of agricultural production efficiency,and the longer the policy implementation time,the more significant the policy effect.In order to ensure the reliability of the results,parallel trend test,placebo test and robustness test were carried out.Mechanism analysis shows that:(1)the " separation of powers " reform releases land management rights,promotes the transfer of agricultural land and the development of new agricultural operators,and improves the level of agricultural productive services,which is conducive to the scale and intensification of agriculture and the improvement of agricultural technical efficiency;(2)The reform of "separation of the powers" has stabilized the land management right,affected the expectations of agricultural operators,and stimulated agricultural investment,which is conducive to the specialization of agricultural production and technological progress.The heterogeneity analysis of this paper shows that the reform of "separation of three rights" has a more significant impact on the improvement of agricultural production efficiency in major grain-producing areas and areas with higher government financial support for agriculture.Therefore,the research of this paper finds that the reform of "separation of powers" is effective in promoting the development of agricultural economy.The key logic here is that the institutional reform and change of the separation of the three rights has optimized the expectations and behaviors of farmers,new business entities and grassroots governments,induced the innovation of agricultural production mode,changed and optimized the property right structure of agricultural land from the perspective of vertical integration and horizontal integration,reduced the cost of agricultural land transfer,and provided an opportunity for the development of new agricultural business entities.The research of this paper shows that the production organization mode and management mode of small farmers + new agricultural management subjects in many places are more conducive to the realization of scale management and improve agricultural production efficiency.Further,the reform of the separation of the three rights provides the endogenous dynamic mechanism of incentive compatibility for each business entity,and promotes the modernization transformation of agriculture and rural areas by means of agricultural productive service outsourcing and cooperative management and on the basis of centralized contiguous land management with modern technology.