| The global economy has suffered from the impact of the new coronavirus epidemic,and the anti-globalization tendency of some countries has brought unprecedented challenges to global supply chain security.From material shortage,production shutdown,to insufficient supply of raw materials in many industries and lack of " core" in manufacturing,supply chain security issues are spreading rapidly around the world.The focus of the supply chain has changed from the previous supply chain cost to the current supply chain security problem.Replenishing,fixing,strengthening and extending the chain to improve supply chain security has become an urgent task.The basis of supply chain security is competitiveness,and innovation is the source of international competitiveness.The key to the improvement of innovation ability is to give full play to the role of innovation elements.As a necessary condition for technological innovation activities,the input of innovative elements can create more reliable and safe technologies and methods,promote the diversification of industrial supply chains,build a domestic supply chain system with backup supply and alternative demand,consolidate and enhance the resilience of the supply system,and form a supply chain with stronger innovation,higher added value and more safe and reliable.Based on the new development pattern of domestic and international dual circulation,it is the water without source and the wood without root to talk about improving the security of global supply chain without the input of innovative factors.Under the background of rising supply chain risks,this paper attempts to improve the security of global supply chain from the perspectives of innovative funds and innovative talents.On the basis of combing relevant literature,this paper constructs a theoretical model to explore the impact of innovation factor input on global supply chain security and its mechanism.This paper argues that innovation funds and innovative talents,as the main body of innovation factor input,can enhance the security of global supply chain by breaking through the technical effect of key core technologies,improving the allocation effect of resource allocation efficiency,and promoting the structural effect of industrial structure upgrading.Due to the different needs of different industries for innovation and the different levels of economic development in different countries,this paper further theoretically analyzes the industry heterogeneity and national heterogeneity of innovation factor input affecting global supply chain security.This paper selects 19 subdivided manufacturing industries in 43 economies including China as the research object,constructs transnational panel data of relevant economic indicators,uses multidimensional fixed effect model to empirically test the impact of innovation factor input on global supply chain security,and uses Heckman two-stage regression and instrumental variable method(IV)and other robustness test methods to solve possible endogenous problems,and further constructs intermediate mechanism model to empirically test the internal mechanism of innovation factor input affecting global supply chain security.At the same time,from the perspective of industry heterogeneity and national heterogeneity,this paper analyzes the heterogeneity of innovation factor input affecting global supply chain security,in order to provide new research ideas for China ’s safer participation in global supply chain from the dual perspectives of innovation funds and innovative talents.The main findings are as follows :(1)Using the industry-level data of different economies through the multi-dimensional fixed-effect method,it is found that the input of innovation factors,whether measured by the input of innovation funds or the input of innovation talents,has a positive impact on global supply chain security.This conclusion is still valid after a variety of robustness tests such as Heckman two-stage regression and instrumental variable method(IV).(2)Through the study of the intermediate mechanism model,it is found that the input of innovation factors improves the safety level of global supply chain through technical effect,and inhibits the improvement of the safety level of global supply chain through structural utility.(3)Industry heterogeneity shows that for labor-intensive industries and technologyintensive industries,the increase of innovation factor input has a significant role in promoting global supply chain security;for capital-intensive industries,innovation capital investment has a significant inhibitory effect on global supply chain security,and the impact of innovation talent investment on global supply chain security is not significant.(4)National heterogeneity shows that the input of innovation factors has significantly improved the supply chain security level of developed economies,but has no significant impact on the supply chain security level of developing economies.Based on the above research conclusions,this paper puts forward the following policy recommendations :(1)Increase the input of innovation factors,build a domestic supply chain system with backup supply and alternative demand,and improve the safety level of local participation in global supply chain by reducing the overseas dependence of intermediate goods and improving the import diversification of intermediate goods.(2)Give full play to the role of technology effect in improving the security level of global supply chain,encourage technological innovation,and make up for the shortcomings of key technologies.(3)For the heterogeneous manufacturing sector,adhere to the implementation of differentiated policies.For labor-intensive industries,encourage enterprises to increase investment in innovation factors,reduce taxes and fees to reduce their innovation costs;for technology-intensive industries,give full play to market and government forces,enhance the substitutability of imported intermediate goods,and avoid being subject to others in key areas.(4)Strengthen international economic cooperation and optimize supply chain layout.Strengthen cooperation with major countries in the global supply chain,introduce and learn its key technologies,and expand the import channels of core components. |
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