The Spatial Effect Of FDI On Green Total Factor Productivity

Since the beginning of the 21 st century,while China’s economy has made a series of remarkable achievements,problems such as excessive consumption of resources and environmental pollution have become increasingly serious.In the face of increasingly severe ecological and environmental situation,promoting high-quality development requires us to deeply transform the economic development mode,change the original economic assessment system,and incorporate resource consumption and environmental pollution into the economic development evaluation system.In this context,the concept of green total factor productivity comes into being.As an important external driving force,the influence of Foreign Direct Investment(FDI)on green total factor productivity cannot be ignored.Therefore,this paper studies the impact of FDI on green total factor productivity in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and other important factors affecting green total factor productivity from the perspective of spatial linkage.This paper firstly uses Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA),selects non-radial and non-angular SBM directional distance function and Malmquist productivity index to measure the green total factor productivity of 108 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2005 to 2020.And it is decomposed into efficiency change and technology change.Then,the spatial Dubin model is constructed to empirically analyze the spatial effect of FDI on green total factor productivity in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,and four control variables including industrial structure,human capital,technological innovation and environmental regulation are added.The main conclusions are as follows:From 2005 to 2020,the green total factor productivity of the Yangtze River Economic Belt showed a trend of slow fluctuation and rise,and the average Malmquist index of green total factor productivity was about 1.060846 during the sample period.The overall improvement of green total factor productivity is the result of efficiency progress and technological progress.The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are divided into the upper,middle and lower reaches according to geographical location.In terms of the growth number,the cities achieving green total factor productivity growth are the most in the lower reaches,followed by the middle reaches and the upper reaches.From the perspective of growth impetus,the upstream region mainly relies on efficiency improvement to improve green total factor productivity;The contribution of efficiency progress and technology progress to green total factor productivity is more balanced in the downstream area.The green total factor productivity of the Yangtze River Economic Belt presents the characteristics of "coastal and upstream gradient development".The green total factor productivity of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has significant spatial autocorrelation.The green total factor productivity of a region is not only affected by various factors in the region,but also positively affected by the green total factor productivity of neighboring regions.FDI has a positive spatial spillover effect on green total factor productivity.The spatial effect of FDI is decomposed into direct effect and indirect effect.FDI can not only directly promote the improvement of local green total factor productivity through intra-regional spillover effect,but also indirectly promote the improvement of green total factor productivity in neighboring areas through inter-regional spillover effect.The direct effect of FDI is greater than the indirect effect.The results of control variables show that the direct effect of industrial structure is significantly negative,and the indirect effect is significantly positive.The coefficient of human capital level is not significant,the direct effect of technological innovation and environmental regulation is significantly positive,but the indirect effect of both is not significant.At the end of the paper,the following countermeasures and suggestions are put forward for the Yangtze River Economic Belt to continue to introduce foreign capital scientifically and rationally and improve green total factor productivity: improve the quality of introducing foreign capital;Accelerate regional integration;Optimize and adjust the industrial structure;Strengthen the combination of production,university and research;Improve the environmental management system.