Research On The Influence Of Fiscal Social Security Expenditure On The Income Gap Between Urban And Rural Residents In Shandong Province

Since the reform and opening up,China’s economy has shown a momentum of rapid development,people’s living standards have been greatly improved,and various social public services are increasingly perfect.By 2020,China will complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and move steadily toward an era of common prosperity.However,the problem of restricting the stable development of China’s economy has always existed.The widening income gap between urban and rural residents is one of the unstable factors affecting the balanced development of society.Social security system is an important means to guarantee the living standards of social members,provide social public services and maintain the balanced development of society.As an important part of fiscal expenditure,social security system plays an indispensable role in regulating residents’ income distribution and protecting vulnerable groups.In recent years,our country’s social security system is gradually improved,the security scope is further expanded,the structure of financial social security expenditure is more explicit,constantly affecting the income gap between urban and rural residents.Shandong Province,as a big province of economic development,has a perfect social security system and a prominent urban-rural dual structure.The income gap between east Shandong coastal areas and middle and west Shandong is large.Its present situation has a relatively universal representative significance in the whole country.Therefore,this paper attempts to explore the adjustment effect of fiscal social security expenditure on urban-rural income gap in Shandong Province.On the basis of trying to comb domestic and foreign literature and related concepts,this paper analyzes the impact mechanism of the scale,structure and efficiency of fiscal social security expenditure on urban-rural income gap through theoretical basis.Then,the social security expenditure of Shandong Province and the income gap between urban and rural residents were analyzed.Specifically,this paper analyzes the current situation of the income gap between urban and rural residents in Shandong Province from three aspects: scale,structure,efficiency,absolute income gap between urban and rural residents,relative income gap and income sources.Then,using the data of Shandong Province from 2015 to 2020,the fixed effect model and random effect model were used for empirical analysis,and the results of the two models were tested by Hausman to accurately analyze the adjustment effect of fiscal social security expenditure on the income gap between urban and rural residents,and finally the relevant policy suggestions were given.This paper mainly draws the following conclusions: first,the fiscal social security expenditure has narrowed the income gap between urban and rural residents in Shandong Province to a certain extent;Secondly,the structural projects of fiscal social security expenditure have different impacts on the income gap between urban and rural residents in Shandong Province.Specifically,fiscal subsidies for social insurance can narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents.The retirement fee of administrative institutions has widened the income gap between urban and rural residents,and the trend of urbanization is obvious.The resettlement cost of qualified groups is not large;Social welfare expenditure has a "reverse adjustment" effect on the income gap between urban and rural residents;Social assistance expenditure can effectively narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents;Thirdly,the regional structure of financial social security expenditure will affect the adjustment of the income gap between urban and rural residents.The fiscal social security expenditure of both poor and non-poor counties can narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents,and under the same conditions,the fiscal social security expenditure of non-poor counties is stronger than that of poor counties.