| Coastal cities with relatively comfortable climate environment in summer often attract tourists from other regions.However,the reinforced concrete buildings have brought obvious heat island effect along with the continuous deepening of urbanization,affecting the thermal comfort experience of these tourists.Green space system usually displays the function of better climate regulation and improving the thermal comfort experience of tourists.Therefore,people pay more attention to the study of green space change and its impact on environment.At present,researches on the green space pattern of coastal cities and their impact on tourists’thermal comfort are insufficient.To enrich the study of green space pattern in Rizhao,explore the relationship between green space coverage and thermal comfort related factors in,and clarify the impact of green space on various thermal comfort factors,we comprehensively use the literature research method,the green space change analysis method,the surface radiation energy balance model and the field survey method to carry out the research on the impact of the green space in Rizhao City on the summer thermal comfort of tourists from the perspective of remote sensing,based on the landscape ecology theory and the microclimate comfort theory.Our research includes the following three contents,including the spatiotemporal analysis of green space,the analysis of the factors that affecting thermal comfort of tourists in summer,and providing the impact of green space on thermal comfort of tourists in summer in Rizhao city.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)For the entirely spatiotemporal change pattern of the green space in the study area,total area of green space coverage in Rizhao City decreased by 474.05 km~2from2000-2022.Especially,the cultivated land,forest land and grassland decreased by229.16 km~2,81.81 km~2and 163.08 km~2,and their proportion of these three types of green space decreased to 64.48%,10.72%and 3.53%respectively in 2022.(2)For the changing impact of green space in the urban area on tourists,we give the distribution pattern of green space in the urban area.The proportion of green space in the traditional old urban area was 25.34%in 2000,and by 2022,this value rose to37.78%,indicating the increase of green space micro-services.It is further found that the proportion of green space is 46.43%in the whole urban region in 2022,which indicates that more attention should was paid to the construction of urban green space in urban expansion,which will also bring tourists a beautiful experience of visual and tourism comfort.(3)In view of the characteristics of thermal comfort indicators driving tourists,we selected four flux indicators and analyzed the change of each comfort indicator,namely:sensible heat flux(0～457.83 W/m~2),latent heat flux(0～645.09 W/m~2)and total available energy(254.07～659.42 W/m~2).Further,we explored the driving effect of the spatial pattern of these indicators on tourists’comfort.(4)Aiming at the identification of tourists’uncomfortable areas,we analyzed the cooling effect of the green space density;and further through the spatial pattern of air temperature,we gave the spatial location and scope of tourists’comfortable and uncomfortable areas in the urban area of Rizhao City,and puts forward measures and suggestions.For example,the landscape ecological corridor design of concentrated forest land and green space planting,and artificial watering and sunshade in high energy areas can improve tourists’thermal comfort and avoid the impact of extreme weather,such as high temperature and heat wave,on tourists’thermal comfort.This study can enrich the research on green space and tourist comfort and provide practical data support for the spatial distribution of green space and tourist thermal comfort in Rizhao,and further serve the functional departments such as cultural tourism. |
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