Suitability Evaluation Of Typical Planting And Raising Models Under Forests In Shennongjia

The reform of the collective forest rights system and the determination of state-owned forest land scope have further promoted the release of forest land productivity,and local governments have introduced relevant policies to stimulate the development of the under-forest economy.The forest coverage rate in the Shennongjia forest region of Hubei province is high,and the space under the forest needs to be developed and utilized.Making full use of under-forest space and developing the under-forest economy is of great significance for relieving land pressure and promoting economic development.In this study,aiming at the utilization of under-forest resources in the Shennongjia forest region,combined with the national guidelines for the development of the under-forest economy,the usable space under Shennongjia forest was defined.The study selects typical under-forest planting and breeding economic models,such as forest-medicine,forest-bacteria,forest-vegetables,forest-fowl,forest-livestock,and forest-bee economic models,and respectively establishes the suitability evaluation system of the under-forest planting model,under-forest breeding model,and under-forest beekeeping model.The weights of evaluation indexes were determined by AHP,and the suitability of typical under-forest planting and breeding models in the Shennongjia forest region was evaluated.Combined with the evaluation results,the regional development priorities of under-forest planting and breeding models in various towns were put forward,to provide technical support for the under-forest economic development in Shennongjia forest region.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The forest area available for under-forest economic development in Shennongjia forest area is 1850.18 km~2,accounting for 57.20% of the total area of Shennongjia forest area.Among them,the forest land area of priority use is 644.10 km~2,accounting for 19.91% of the total area of Shennongjia forest area;the area of restricted forest land is 1206.08 km~2,accounting for 37.29% of the total area of Shennongjia forest area.The prohibited forest land area is 1278.36 km~2,and the non-forest land area is105.81 km~2,accounting for 42.80% of the total forest area of Shennongjia.Overall the available forest land in Shennongjia accounts for more than half of the total forest area and has a large space for under-forest resource utilization.(2)The study constructs a suitability evaluation system for under-forest planting mode(9 indicators),under-forest raising mode(7 indicators),and under-forest beekeeping mode(10 indicators)by considering corresponding indicators from the two aspects of terrain location factor and stand factor and the soil factors that affect under-forest planting.The weights of the evaluation indicators are determined by the AHP.We find that the weights of the topographic location factor and stand factor in the under-forest planting pattern criterion layer are both greater than 0.4,which play a guiding role in the location selection of under-forest planting.The weights of traffic,humus thickness,vegetation type,and stand canopy closure are greater than 0.1,which are the limiting factors for under-forest planting.The weights of altitude,slope aspect,and shrub cover are between 0.05 and 0.1,which also have an important impact on under-forest planting.The terrain location factor and stand factor are equally important in the criterion layer of the under forests aquaculture model.The traffic location and vegetation type with an index weight of more than 0.2 are the key factors for the site selection of the under-forest aquaculture model.The weights of slope aspect,shrub coverage,and herb coverage are greater than 0.1,which also have an important impact on under-forest aquaculture.In the under-forest beekeeping model index layer,the weights of other nectar source distances and vegetation types are greater than 0.2,which are the key factors for under-forest beekeeping site selection.The weights of slope direction,traffic location,herb coverage,and shrub coverage are greater than 0.09,which have an important influence on beekeeping under-forest.(3)The suitability evaluation of the typical under forests planting and breeding model in Shennongjia forest area shows that the most suitable grade area for the forest-medicine(Gastrodia elata)model is 687.70 km~2,and the suitable grade area is849.32 km~2,both accounting for 83.07% of the economically usable forest land under the forest.The most suitable grade area of the forest-bacteria(morel)model was 780.95 km~2,and the suitable grade area was 758.58 km~2,both accounting for 83.21% of the economically usable forest land under the forest.The most suitable grade area for the forest-vegetable model was 355.72km~2 and the suitable grade area was 1044.71km~2,both accounting for 75.69% of the under-forest economically usable forest land.The most suitable grade area for the forest-fowl(chicken)model was 608.29 km~2,and the suitable grade area was 896.66 km~2,both accounting for 81.34% of the economically usable forest land under the forest.The most suitable grade area for the forest-livestock(pig)model was 571.56 km~2,and the suitable grade area was 937.28 km~2,both accounting for 81.55%of the economically usable forest land under the forest.The most suitable grade area for the forest-bee model was 856.30 km~2 and the suitable grade area was 707.14 km~2,both accounting for 84.50% of the economically usable forest land under the forest.In general,the forest-vegetable model had the smallest area of the most suitable grade and suitable grade,and the areas of the other five models were all between 1500-1564 km~2.(4)The evaluation of the suitability of the typical under-forest planting and raising patterns in each town shows that the most suitable and suitable grade total area of under-forest planting patterns(forest-medicine,forest-bacteria,and forest-vegetable)were in the following order: Songluo Town > Songbai Town > Hong Kong Ping Town >Yangri Town > Muyu Town > Xinhua Town > Xiagu Town > Jiuhu Town.The order of the most suitable and suitable grade total area for the under-forest raising mode and under-forest beekeeping mode(forest-fowl,forest-livestock and forest-bee)is: Song Dynasty Luo Town > Hongping Town > Songbai Town > Yangri Town > Muyu Town >Xinhua Town > Xiagu Town > Jiuhu Town.It can be seen that the villages and towns with high suitability for under-forest planting and raising models are mainly distributed in Songluo Town,Hongping Town,Songbai Town and Yangri Town.(5)Considering the size and distribution of the most suitable and suitable grades of various raising models,the proportion of unsuitable grades,and the proportions of priority and restricted forest land use,the focus of under-forest planting and raising models and industrial development in each township and township was determined.Songluo Township and Hongping Township focus on the development of forest-medicine,forest-bacteria,forest-bee and forest-livestock models.Yangri Town and Songbai Town focus on the development of forest-medicine,forest-bacteria,forest-vegetable,forest-bee and forest-fowl models.Jiuhu Town and Xiagu Township can focus on the development of forest-bee,forest-fowl and forest-livestock models.Muyu Town and Xinhua Town can focus on the development of forest-bee and forest-bacteria models.