Research On The Impact Of Public Services Development On The Urban-rural Income Gap

On October 26,2020,the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China clearly emphasized that our country’s urban-rural development and income distribution gap is relatively large,and the development of rural agriculture should be given priority to form a new urban-rural relationship of "urban-led rural areas and urban-rural complementarity".Narrowing the income gap between urban and rural residents and promoting rural revitalization are urgent tasks facing China,and the income gap is mainly manifested in the low income level of rural residents.To this end,by promoting the development of rural education,improving rural medical and health conditions,improving the rural social security system and improving rural infrastructure and other measures to increase the human capital,productivity,and primary distribution income of rural residents,the quality of life is improved.Closely related to public services,the development of public services has become a key factor affecting the income gap between urban and rural residents.This article analyzes the measurement,development status and influencing factors of public services and the income gap between urban and rural residents,combs the relationship between the development of public services and the income gap between urban and rural residents,condenses the influence mechanism of public service development on the income gap between urban and rural residents,and uses the entropy method Construct a public service development indicator system and calculate the level of public service development in 240 cities in our country from2009 to 2018.Empirically analyze public services from the perspectives of benchmark regression,spatial Dubin model,bootstrap intermediary analysis effect,region and industry,etc.through the measurement model The impact of development on the income gap between urban and rural residents was finally tested for stability by changing indicators to ensure the reliability of the empirical results.The benchmark regression results show that the improvement of the development level of public services has promoted the convergence of the income gap between urban and rural residents in China.The empirical analysis using the spatial Dubin model shows that the income gap between urban and rural residents in China is spatially positive,and the development of public services in this city and neighboring cities will narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents in this city.The test results of the intermediary mechanism show that the development of public services is mainly used for the income gap between urban and rural residents by improving the productivity of rural residents and promoting the flow of rural labor.This paper also conducts empirical analysis from multiple perspectives such as regional heterogeneity and industry heterogeneity.The results show that the development of public services in the eastern and central regions can help narrow the gap between urban and rural residents.Among them,the convergence effect of the urban-rural income gap in the central region is more obvious.There is a positive correlation between public services and the income gap between urban and rural areas.The development of infrastructure,public education,health care and social security can effectively narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents.Among them,the convergence effect of social security development is more obvious,while public education development is relatively weak.The suggestions put forward in this article include accelerating the government’s transition to a "public service type",adjusting the fiscal expenditure structure,improving the transfer payment system,reforming the current administrative performance evaluation mechanism,establishing a public service evaluation and supervision mechanism,and encouraging citizens to actively participate in public affairs supervision and decision-making,To realize the equalization of basic public services and the integration of urban and rural areas.