Research On Credit Risk Management Of Small And Micro Enterprises In Commercial Banks Under The Epidemic Situation

After the full-scale outbreak of the Newcastle pneumonia epidemic,China’s banking industry as a whole suffered a major blow,represented by small and medium-sized commercial banks,which experienced a reduction in the scale of credit business,an increase in non-performing assets and other problems,which damaged the operational efficiency of banks in the short term.In addition,the epidemic prevention and control measures such as "work stoppage" and "home quarantine" prevented many real enterprises from carrying out their production and operation activities as scheduled,especially the small and micro enterprises,which account for more than 90% of the main body of China’s economy,with poor risk resistance and facing survival crisis.As the normal business plan of small and micro enterprises is disrupted,the upper and lower supply chains are broken and capital cannot be returned in time,resulting in weakened profitability and reduced repayment capacity.The small and medium-sized commercial banks,which are the main source of financing for MSMEs,bear most of the pressure on their assets,thus causing the non-performing loan rate of banks to climb and the shortcomings of credit risk management within banks to become more and more prominent.At present,the new crown pneumonia epidemic has become a global pandemic trend,and the epidemic prevention and control has entered a normalized stage.Z Bank ranks among the top in Zhengzhou market share,total assets and total loans,and is also the bank with the largest credit business coverage and business scale for small and micro enterprises in Henan Province.As one of its branches,X Branch has been committed to the development of small and micro enterprise credit business since its establishment,and its total loan amount ranks first in the bank.This paper selects the X branch of Bank Z as the research object,and conducts research on the management of small and micro credit risk in commercial banks under the epidemic situation,which has strong representativeness and practical significance.As an internal staff member of X branch,the author obtained first-hand data.Start with the current situation of the Bank’s credit risk management for small and micro enterprises under the epidemic.It focuses on analyzing the existing problems in its management process:(1)Insufficient credit risk identification of small and micro enterprises: on the one hand,credit specialists do not fully understand and control the new changes in credit risk of small and micro enterprises after the epidemic;On the other hand,the credit commissioner did not subdivide the market risks of small and micro enterprises in different industries under the epidemic situation;Finally,due to the influence of the quality of the credit specialists,they often failed to control the operational risk in time.At the same time,X branch lacked the corresponding performance appraisal and incentive mechanism,which also increased the possibility of operational risk.(2)The credit risk evaluation system of small and micro enterprises is imperfect,that is,the credit evaluation system is unscientific,too much attention is paid to financial data in the process of risk evaluation,while non-financial indicators are ignored,and the risk feedback mechanism after loan is imperfect.(3)The credit risk management process of small and micro enterprises was not implemented in place.Specifically,the pre loan investigation is incomplete,the in loan review is insufficient,and the post loan management is insufficient.The author further analyzed the reasons from the perspective of commercial banks,mainly including asymmetric information between banks and enterprises,lack of big data application technology in banks,lack of credit specialists,imperfect incentive and assessment mechanism,etc.On this basis,it further puts forward corresponding suggestions and countermeasures,as follows:(1)strengthen the credit risk identification of small and micro enterprises,that is,strengthen the identification of credit risk,market risk and operational risk.Establish a multi department information cooperation database,carry out risk identification by industry,and establish a perfect performance appraisal mechanism.(2)We will improve the credit risk evaluation system for small and micro enterprises,build a credit rating system under the epidemic situation,and strengthen supervision over the flow of post loan funds.(3)Strengthen the construction of digital credit process,conduct digital pre loan and in loan information investigation,and build a digital monitoring system for post loan management.(4)Strengthen the team building of credit specialists for small and micro enterprises,establish a training mechanism for credit specialists,and control risks through job mobility.Through the research on this topic,this paper is conducive to the improvement of the credit risk management mechanism for small and micro enterprises in X Branch of Z Bank,which can provide better credit support for small and micro enterprises in the region,and also provide risk management and control for other banks.