Research On The Differences In Influencing Factors Of Residents’ Subjective Poverty Perception

From March 2014,when General Secretary Xi Jinping announced the implementation of the precise poverty alleviation policy to February 2021,China’s poverty alleviation battle has been victorious.For China’s long-term poverty alleviation work,the poverty alleviation of 832poverty-stricken counties across the country is by no means the end,but a new starting point connecting the rural revitalization work from top to bottom.At present,the strategy of rural revitalization has been carried out successively nationwide,and the "new strategy for the development of three rural areas" established by the Nineteenth National Congress will take "rural revitalization" as the carrier to comprehensively promote the transformation of agriculture and rural areas to urbanization,and take it as a new deployment strategy to reduce the gap between urban and rural areas,and pay special attention to the anti-poverty problems of "unstable households that are prone to poverty alleviation","marginal households that are prone to poverty" and "households with sudden difficulties" in the process of implementing the strategy.In addition to meeting the basic conditions of residents "two worries and three guarantees",it is also necessary to pay attention to their quality of life,social participation and other indicators,so that residents can live happily instead of just "living".Therefore,studying the subjective poverty of Chinese residents will help increase the subjective happiness of residents,and all localities will carry out the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy according to local conditions,implement the national policies on poverty alleviation and prevention of returning to poverty,and also provide suggestions for optimization and improvement of the existing social security system to enhance the well-being of the people.This paper takes the subjective poverty perception of Chinese residents as the research object,based on the survey data of CGSS2017 and the China Statistical Yearbook.The first is to analyze the distribution of subjective poverty in terms of age,sex,marital status,hukou status,religious influence,education level,health status and regional distribution.Next,we refer to Tian Yajuan’s article "Research and Application of Measurement Methods for Accurate Poverty Alleviation Effects" to define the "socio-economic status level" in the CGSS2017 questionnaire as a replacement variable for the explanatory variable "subjective poverty".Then,18 variables were selected as explanatory variables from four aspects: material level,self-situation,public service level and regional distribution.The final empirical analysis consists of two parts: one is to study the influencing factors of the subjective poverty perception of Chinese residents by region,using the ordered Probit model;the other is to associate with the machine learning prediction algorithm and select the XGBoost algorithm to create a binary classification prediction model,which is used to predict whether The residents in China are in a subjective state of poverty and the importance of the influencing factors of the population in the subjective state of poverty.In the ordered Probit model,we do not change the value of the explanatory variable "subjective poverty",the main purpose is to study the subjective poverty intensity of residents in various places in a sub-region,while in the XGBoost model,we imitate the method of Tian Yajuan in the text to select the substitution variable as "lower" as subjective poverty,and assign the value to "1";The remaining values are defined as non-subjective poverty,assigned a value of "0",which mainly predicts the importance of influencing factors for the part of the population in subjective poverty.The study found that:(1)the average subjective poverty of Chinese residents is 3.78,the overall subjective poverty is slightly stronger,most residents believe that their socio-economic status is in the middle and lower levels;(2)in the ordered Probit model,we divide the data into east,middle and west,and find that the factors affecting the subjective poverty of residents in different regions are different.For the western region,for example,in terms of the level of public services: social equity and social participation have a significant negative impact on the subjective poverty of residents;for the central region,the level of public services has no significant impact on the subjective poverty of residents;and for the eastern region,in terms of the level of public services: social trust and social equity have a significant negative impact on the subjective poverty of residents;(3)Both the Probit empirical model and the XGBoost predictive model point out that the social class of the residents themselves has the greatest influence on their subjective sense of poverty,followed by income level,subjective well-being,education level and health status.Finally,according to the research results,a little suggestion is put forward for individual residents,social security and related policies:(1)on the improvement of individual residents:it is necessary to actively improve the education level and health literacy of residents themselves,and actively improve social participation;(2)on the soundness of social security: let the social security system cover the degree of network distribution,improve the social equity system,ensure that residents everywhere can at least enjoy the minimum social security benefits,and at the same time narrow the urban-rural differences in the field of social security from a relative and historical perspective;(3)On the improvement of policies: the poverty reduction effect of income distribution equity is remarkable,adjust income redistribution by group,region and industry,increase the inclination of the redistribution system to underdeveloped areas and local populations,and promote the equalization of public services,such as access to education,medical insurance coverage.Finally,there is an urgent need to improve the living environment of residents,including the living environment on which people depend for their livelihood and the human environment in contact with the outside world.