| Since 1949,China has undergone significant socio-economic changes,the most visible of which are the dramatic changes in the urban and rural areas.The average annual growth rate of urbanization in China has been as high as 1.094% over the past four decades.The process of rapid urbanization has given rise to many problems,the more prominent of which is the incongruity and lack of synchronisation between urbanization level and quality development in time and space.This paper attempts to explore the spatial and temporal distribution and changing characteristics of urbanization level and quality in 277 cities and towns in China from 2000 to 2019,in order to provide reference for the formulation of national urbanization development strategies,as well as to provide data and a theoretical basis for the positioning of urbanization development and urbanization practice in each city and town.In the research process,firstly,the urbanization rate of each city is obtained through data collection and processing,and used as the urbanization level index to measure the urbanization development status;secondly,based on system theory and urban development stage theory,combined with the definition of urbanization concept,20 indicators in six aspects of population,economy,land,society,natural environment quality and coordinated urban-rural development are selected to construct a comprehensive urbanization quality in China Then,in view of the consistency between urbanization level and quality under different types of coupling and coordination,a conceptual model of the development relationship between the two is constructed,and the deviations between level and quality are combined to obtain the high level coordination type,low level The model is based on the deviation of level and quality,and the four types of cities are: high level coordination,low level coordination,lagging urbanization level and lagging urbanization quality.Finally,the spatial and temporal distribution and changing characteristics of China’s urbanization level and quality in the past 20 years are summarised.The conclusions are as follows.(1)Level of urbanization.The overall level of urbanization in China tends to converge,with a constant and changing divergence between municipalities.In terms of time,the urbanization level of cities and towns has gradually increased,and the growth rate of the urbanization rate has continued to slow down;the hierarchical structure of urbanization levels has transformed from a pyramidal structure to a spiral structure.Spatially speaking,the urbanization level gradually changed from a difference between the north and the south to a difference between the east and the west,i.e.from high in the north and low in the south to high in the east and low in the centre and west.(2)The quality of urbanization.The quality of urbanization as a whole tends to be high,with differences between towns evolving.In terms of time,the quality of urbanization in China as a whole has been steadily improved,with obvious changes in the hierarchical structure,and the quality of urbanization has basically achieved a leap from the second to the third rank,in line with the theoretical changes in the stages of urban development.Spatially speaking,urbanization quality has obvious positive correlation and spatial differences among neighbouring regions,all of which show that the eastern coastal areas are higher than the northwestern inland areas.(3)The relationship between urbanization level and quality.The level and quality of urbanization tend to be harmonised in general,but there are horizontal differences in the degree of harmonisation.In terms of time,the degree of coupling and coordination between urbanization level and quality gradually increases and tends to a high level of coordination.Spatially speaking,the state of urbanization development in all cities and towns gradually tends to a high level of quality coordination,with large cities and megacities being more coordinated and at a higher level. |
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