Spatial-temporal Differentiation And Influencing Factors Of The Development Level Of China’s Ocean Port And Shipping Service Industry

With the rapid development of global trade and international transportation system integration,port traffic increase obviously,port function from a separate transport function into industrial,commercial,logistics,etc,and navigation services from traditional loading and unloading,handling,etc is given priority to with labor service to finance,information,laws such as capital,technology,the development of knowledge service,At the same time,it also enhances the strength of the port and drives the development of the port city.As a trading power in our country,to join the world trade organization after foreign trade volume increasing year after year,the total amount of major ports along the coastal area of China import and export increase obviously,port infrastructure construction is gradually perfect,small air is serious,but in dagang port and the port city of overall competitiveness in the global scope is still low,the main reason is various service industry development lags behind the western countries,In particular,the development of middle and high-end port and shipping services is relatively slow;On the other hand,the serious uncoordinated development of China’s ocean port and shipping service industry is also one of the reasons for its weak overall competitiveness.Therefore,how to correctly understand the development level of China’s ocean port and shipping service industry,explore the high-quality development path of the port and shipping service industry suitable for China’s national conditions,and achieve the coordinated and sustainable development of China’s marine port and shipping service industry is of great importance,which is also an important way to effectively enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of ports and port cities.In this paper,based on relevant research literature and theories of port and shipping service industry,combined with the development characteristics of China’s ocean port and shipping service industry,the evaluation index system of the development level of port and shipping service industry was constructed from the four aspects of basic conditions,development scale,development benefit and development potential,and the fuzzy evaluation method was used to measure.In addition,kernel density estimation model,GIS spatial analysis technology are used to analyze the spatio-temporal variation and influencing factors of port and shipping service development level in 11 coastal provinces of China(excluding Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)from 2006 to 2017,and the corresponding development suggestions are put forward.The research results show that :(1)the comprehensive score of the development level of China’s ocean port and shipping service industry shows a steady upward trend year by year from 0.099 in 2006 to 0.241 in 2017,with an average annual growth rate of 8.54%.(2)From2006 to 2012,some areas in the median area developed rapidly,and further concentrated in higher level areas;From 2012 to 2017,the development of China’s ocean port and shipping service industry has become more bipolar;During the study period,the development rate of the former areas with higher level of Marine port and navigation service industry was faster than that of the former areas with lower level of Marine port and navigation service industry.(3)The overall improvement speed of the development scale of China’s Marine port and shipping service industry is significantly higher than the overall improvement speed of its development benefits,development potential and development basic conditions.The development scale of Marine port and shipping service industry expands rapidly,and the quality of industrial development needs to be further improved.(4)Except For Guangxi,Hainan and Hebei,the development level of port and navigation service industry in other regions has been improved to varying degrees,among which Shanghai plays a leading role in development,guangzhou and Jiangsu have the most obvious improvement,and finally ranks in the high-value area with Shanghai.(5)Shanghai ranks first in the development scale,development benefit and development potential of ocean port and shipping service industry;Guangdong ranks first on the basis of development and second on the scale and potential of development.Jiangsu ranked second in basic conditions,third in development scale,development benefits and development potential.Hebei,Guangxi and Hainan perform poorly in the four dimensions.(6)The analysis results of influencing factors of the development level of China’s Marine port and shipping service industry based on GMM model show that industrial structure,opening to the outside world,hinterland economy and information technology are all positively correlated to the development level of China’s Marine port and shipping service industry,among which industrial structure,hinterland economy and information technology pass the test at a relatively significant level.