| According to the report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,it is necessary to promote China’s industries to move to the medium-high end of the global value chain and foster a number of world-class advanced manufacturing clusters.In recent years,China has participated in the global value chain,and the manufacturing industry has developed rapidly,but it still occupies a low position in the global value chain.At the same time,with the continuous improvement of transportation technology and the continuous improvement of global aviation and waterway networks,air transportation has become an important way to carry out international trade,which greatly shortens the transportation time of goods and makes it possible for enterprises to avoid the rise of export costs caused by too long transportation time.Hummels and Schaur(2013)found that each extra day of transportation time in international trade is equivalent to the equivalent tariff of 0.6% to 2.1%,namely "value of time".However,most existing literature analysis of foreign direct investment,the institutional environment,factors of production such as impact on the global value chain position,but not to the t value of time of factors to consider as a global value chain,but in the context of global production,enterprise shorten the transportation time,more conducive to gain a competitive advantage,improve the value chain.Therefore,based on this realistic background,it is of great significance to explore the influence mechanism of value of time on the global value chain position of Chinese manufacturing enterprises,and to improve the value chain position of Chinese enterprises.In this thesis,theoretical analysis and empirical analysis are combined to comprehensively use five databases,including China Customs Database,China Industrial Enterprise database,UIBE-GVC data,World Input-Output Table and Global Waterway Network database.The time span is from 2000 to 2008.To discuss the impact of time value on the global value chain position of Chinese export enterprises,the research contents are as follows.First,in terms of time value calculation,this thesis calculated the time value at the product level and the enterprise level based on the model constructed by Hummels and Schaur(2013).This thesis in the collection of global national geographic information vector diagram,shipping port,and basics of course,in the use of Arcgis OD matrix to calculate the cost of network analysis to expand module 33 shipping port in China to distance information in 118 countries around the world,use baidu map manually customs ports in China customs database with the nearest sea port to match,Calculate the time value.Second,when calculating the enterprise status index in global value chain,this thesis reference Sue Danny(2020)to build the value chain of enterprise level position of index of industrial enterprises in the database of GVC status index,then estimated the WIOD using international standard industry classification and the national economy industry classification one by one,finally formed 18 manufacturing industry segment,Analyze the characteristic fact that Chinese export enterprises participate in international division of labor.Third,in terms of mechanism analysis,this thesis puts forward two hypotheses: one is that the improvement of time value can motivate enterprises to improve total factor productivity and thus enhance their global value chain status;the other is that the improvement of time value is beneficial to reduce the inventory cost of enterprises,optimize the cost structure and promote the improvement of enterprises’ global value chain status.Fourth,in terms of empirical analysis,this thesis established the benchmark return fixed effects model,through the organic processing,robustness,and has carried on the inspection to mechanism,the enterprise under the age of the enterprise,its geographical position,the OECD published technical level division standard and the number of samples in the enterprise are higher heterogeneity analyzed industry category.The results show that,first,the time value in the sample range is on the rise,the time value of intermediate goods is slightly higher than that of capital goods,and the time value of high-tech enterprises varies greatly.Secondly,the global value chain status index of enterprises is gradually rising.According to different trade types of enterprises,the global value chain status of general trade enterprises is the highest,followed by mixed trade enterprises,and processing trade enterprises is the lowest.Private companies have the largest GVC position index.Thirdly,on the whole,the rise of time value has a positive effect on the improvement of enterprise value chain status.In terms of mechanism analysis,the improvement of total factor productivity and the reduction of inventory cost are two possible channels to promote the status of enterprises in global value chain.Fourthly,from the analysis of heterogeneity,it is found that the change of time value plays a more significant role in enhancing the value chain status of eastern regions,coastal regions,emerging enterprises and high-tech enterprises.Based on the above analysis,this thesis argues that we should further improve the construction of transportation infrastructure,increase the number of air stations and seaports,and improve the efficiency of customs clearance.We will encourage technological innovation,improve the business environment,and raise total factor productivity of enterprises.We will optimize the cost structure of enterprises and improve trade policies. |
