How Geographical Segmentation Affects Labor Misallocation

Under the dual background of the deep integration of regional development integration and the gradual disappearance of the demographic dividend,the contradiction of insufficient development of China’s labor market has gradually emerged.Misallocation of labor resources is a state in which the efficiency of labor resource allocation in a region is lost due to factors such as incomplete market and government intervention.Under the influence of China’s traditional administrative division system,it is often easy to cause labor market segmentation between regions,thereby reducing the efficiency of labor resources in the spatial flow,making it difficult for labor resources to be transferred to regions where higher returns can be obtained,resulting in labor unable to Achieving Pareto optimality will eventually lead to the problem of labor resource mismatch.The spatial allocation difference of labor factors determines the resource allocation ability of a region,and labor,as a highly mobile factor resource,has very spatial development characteristics,so the problem of mismatch caused by its characteristics is bound to be deep.Influenced by the territorial division system.Therefore,studying the impact of the regional segmentation system on the mismatch of labor resources can help clarify the situation and spatial pattern of labor resource mismatch among regions in China,and reveal how geographic segmentation from different perspectives affects the mismatch of labor resources among regions.Providing reasonable policy support for correcting the distorted reality of China’s labor resources and optimizing the efficiency of labor allocation is believed to be an important issue for promoting China’s regional development in the new era.From the perspective of China’s regional segmentation system,based on the factor allocation theory of labor economics,this thesis uses the panel data of 249 cities in China from 2004 to 2019 to calculate the mismatch degree of labor resources in each city,and uses Arc GIS software to calculate the mismatch degree of labor resources.Visually analyze the spatial evolution of the degree of labor resource mismatch in cities in my country;then,using the quasi-natural experiments of urban agglomerations implemented in China,combined with the observation perspective of dialect diversity,using the multi-period double difference method as an evaluation tool,analyzes the results.The influence of the geographical segmentation system on the mismatch of labor resources among regions;finally,it further discusses the mechanism of the geographical segmentation system affecting the mismatch of labor resources.After preliminary research,this thesis found that:(1)From 2004 to 2019,the degree of labor mismatch in China expanded at an average rate of 1.25% per year,and showed obvious regional heterogeneity,mainly manifested in the highest degree of mismatch in western cities.In 2013 The mismatch degree of eastern cities was higher than that of the central region before 2013,and lower than that of the central region after 2013.(2)Urban agglomeration policies can improve the degree of urban labor mismatch.The main mechanism is that by raising the urban minimum wage standard,various factors are recombined and matched,thereby improving the efficiency of labor allocation and ultimately improving the degree of labor mismatch.(3)In the context of urban agglomeration policy,the higher the dialect diversity,the stronger the improvement effect on the mismatch of labor resources.The main mechanism is that the entrepreneurial spirit behind the regional culture represented by the dialect improves the degree of labor mismatch by affecting the cognition and mobility of labor subjects.(4)The effect of urban agglomeration policy and dialect diversity on urban labor mismatch has obvious regional heterogeneity,which is shown as follows: the improvement effect of urban agglomeration policy on labor mismatch in the southern region is stronger than that in the northern region,and higher than that in the eastern region.Central and western regions;the impact of dialect diversity on the degree of urban labor mismatch is higher in southern regions than in northern regions,and higher in central regions than in eastern and western regions.At the same time,this thesis also uses the event analysis method and the counterfactual test method to test the validity of the evaluation tool,and the test results still support the above results.Finally,this thesis puts forward some feasible policy suggestions from three aspects: promoting the development of regional integration,paying attention to the construction of regional culture and solving the heterogeneity of labor resource mismatch.