Research On Load Aggregator Pricing Strategy And Energy Using Optimization Based On Stackelberg Game

The prerequisite for the safe,stable and economic operation of the power system is to ensure the system power balance.The traditional means is to adjust the generator units’ output to ensure the system power balance,but the regulation cost of traditional generating units increases sharply with the access of large-scale power-using equipment to the grid and the shortage of fossil energy.The use of demand response technology to dispatch demand-side resources with dispatchable potential has become the focus of research in the next phase.With the gradual opening of the electricity sales side of the power market,load aggregator,as newly emerged market player,play an important role in the demand response program.Using load aggregator to reasonably guide customers to participate in the power market not only reduces the burden of safe and stable operation of the power system,but also reduces the cost of electricity for customers and brings revenue to the load aggregator.Based on this,it is of great significance to study the regulation strategies of load aggregator in demand-side dispatchable resources.The main work of this paper is as follows:(1)Firstly,starting from the definition of load aggregator and analyzing its role and operation mode in the demand response market.Secondly,the resources controlled by load aggregator are classified,and the model of different kinds of controllable loads are established according to the load characteristics,and different demand response decisions and common means of load aggregator are summarized and compared.Finally,game theory is proposed to solve the problem of allocating the benefits between load aggregator and customers,and a stackelberg game model is established between them.(2)A stackelberg game bi-level model for load aggregator management control of electric vehicle charging is established.To solve the stackelberg game bi-level model,the KKT(Karush-Kuhn-Tucker)condition and the dual theorem are used to transform the stackelberg game bi-level model into an easily solvable mixed-integer linear programming problem,and the commercial solver YALMIP/CPLEX is used to solve the problem.Finally,the system is simulated and the results show that the proposed model saves the cost of EV charging while increasing the profit of load aggregator.(3)Considering demand response,the load aggregator’s price setting method and optimal scheduling strategies for controllable load based on stackelberg game are proposed.Firstly,the two-stage interaction between customers and load aggregator is analyzed when customers are participating in demand response.Secondly,considering demand response,a stackelberg game model of load aggregator pricing strategy with the objective of maximizing the revenue of load aggregator and minimizing the cost of electricity for customers is established,and solve the model with a commercial solver.Finally,the system is simulated to verify that the model and related strategies can effectively increase the profit of load aggregator,reduce the cost of customers,and reduce the load peak-to-valley difference.