| As China’s economy enters a stage of high-quality development,people are increasingly focused on the pursuit of spiritual enjoyment such as leisure and recreation,and outdoor recreation has become a way to pursue spiritual pleasure,relieve tension and fatigue and release urban stress.As the kidneys of the earth,wetlands have many ecological and tourism service functions,providing people with high-quality recreational resources and becoming an important ecological foundation for outdoor recreation.Wetland nature parks take an important part of nature parks under the new protected area system,providing both ecological services and quality recreational resources,and playing a huge role in meeting the spiritual needs of humans,improving people’s living environment and building a national ecological civilization.Therefore,an in-depth study of the use of wetland nature parks for recreation is of great significance in promoting the construction of national ecological civilization and the development of ecotourism.This paper takes the Wetland Nature Parks in Jinan as the study area,and innovatively divides the wetland nature parks in Jinan into double 4 categories according to wetland type and recreational location: river type,lake type,river-lake type and river-artificial type according to wetland type;suburban area,near suburban area,sub-near suburban area and far suburban area according to location,and selects the Dawen River,Baiyun Lake,Yellow River Rose Lake,Xueye Lake and Jixi National Wetland nature Parks respectively.According to the recreation opportunity spectrum theory,20 indicators were selected from the natural,social and management environments,and important attributes such as water bodies,vegetation and biodiversity were highlighted,and a questionnaire survey was conducted on recreationists in the five wetland nature parks.The evaluation system of the suitability of the recreation environment of the wetland nature parks in Jinan was established by extracting three main components as the criterion layer(first-level indicators);using Group Analytic Hierarchy Process(GAHP)and Principal Component Analysis(PCA)to determine the combination weight of indicators,combined with the scores of the wetland nature park questionnaire to evaluate the suitability of the recreation environment,and according to the evaluation results,the wetland nature parks in Jinan were divided into different recreation environment suitability class.The evaluation results show that the suitability of the wetland nature parks in Jinan mainly show a high level,with the suitability ranking being Jixi National Wetland Nature Park > Xueye Lake National Wetland Nature Park > Baiyun Lake National Wetland Nature Park > Dawen River National Wetland Nature Park > Yellow River Rose Lake National Wetland Nature Park.The environmental suitability of wetland nature parks in Jinan is high for river type and lake type wetland nature parks,medium for river-lake type wetland nature parks and pretty high for river-artificial type wetland nature parks.The level of suitability of wetland nature parks located in suburban areas is pretty high,the level of suitability of wetland nature parks located in around central district and distant suburban areas is high,while the level of suitability of wetland nature parks located in secondary suburban areas varies.A recreation opportunity spectrum was constructed based on the three-criterion and four-category method and the results of the recreation suitability evaluation,which consisted of three first-level indicators and double 4categories of recreation environment types.Based on the recreation opportunity spectrum of wetland nature parks in Jinan,a list of recreation opportunities was compiled,existing recreation problems were identified,and the development path of recreation use in wetland nature parks in Jinan was proposed,suggestions for optimising recreation use in each type of wetland nature parks was made,and the development of recreation in wetland nature parks at the county and local levels was explored.It also proposes the construction of a collaborative management mechanism for recreation stakeholders from four aspects: wetland natural park managers,concessionaires,recreationists and residents. |
