Research On The Impact Of China’s Oversea Economic And Trade Zones In "Belt And Road" Countries On Bilateral Trade

Since the 1990s,Chinese enterprises have "gone out" to build oversea economic and trade zones abroad,and have roughly experienced three stages:enterprise independent exploration to government policy support and then to the promotion of the "Belt and Road"initiative.As an overseas promotion of China’s experience in China’s special economic zones,oversea economic and trade zones have played an important role in promoting Chinese enterprises to invest in factories and carry out bilateral trade activities.Of the 182 oversea economic and trade zones built or built in China,about 130 are located in countries along the"Belt and Road",and this area has become the main destination for the construction of oversea economic and trade zones in China.At the same time,with the intensification of global trade frictions and the recurrence of the new crown epidemic,China’s trade with countries along the "Belt and Road" has shown a good growth momentum,with bilateral trade volume exceeding 6 trillion US dollars,and China is increasingly becoming an important trading partner of countries along the route.Therefore,it is of certain theoretical and practical significance to study how the construction of oversea economic and trade zones can have an impact on the development of bilateral trade.In the empirical testing part,this paper uses the relevant data of 60 countries along the"Belt and Road" from 1998 to 2018 to empirically analyze the impact of oversea economic and trade zones construction on bilateral trade between China and countries along the belt and road using the multi-phase DID model,confirms that the construction of oversea economic and trade zones has significantly promoted the continuous expansion of bilateral trade,and introduces the interaction items of oversea economic and trade zones construction variables with industrial agglomeration level,bilateral system distance,trade cost and other variables,respectively,to verify the impact mechanism of oversea economic and trade zones construction on bilateral trade.In addition,the robustness test was carried out,which proved the applicability of the model selection and the consistency of the conclusions.Further,the heterogeneity test of sub-samples was done,and it was found that the construction of oversea economic and trade zones stimulated bilateral trade between China and middle-and low-income countries;similarly,the construction of oversea economic and trade zones in Southeast Asia and South Asia had the most significant role in promoting bilateral trade,followed by Central Asia and Central and Eastern Europe;trade logistics,processing and manufacturing and resource utilization parks effectively promoted bilateral trade exchanges,while the role of agricultural industry and scientific and technological innovation parks was not obvious.First of all,this paper reviews and sorts out the domestic and foreign literature on the construction of oversea economic and trade zones,the influencing factors of bilateral trade,and the economic effects of oversea economic and trade zones construction,to understand the research results in relevant fields,and determine the research ideas of the article.Secondly,it comprehensively expounds the layout of China’s oversea economic and trade zones construction and the typical facts of China’s bilateral trade with countries along the route.Based on the relevant theories such as industrial parks,the mechanism and channel of the impact of oversea economic and trade zones construction on bilateral trade are analyzed,and it is believed that the construction of oversea economic and trade zones has a role in promoting bilateral trade,and promotes the development of bilateral trade through industrial agglomeration effect,system optimization effect,platform synergy effect,etc.Finally,on the basis of summarizing the conclusions of the previous research,this paper puts forward policy suggestions:anchor the leading industrial planning,promote the extension of the industrial chain;implement the "Belt and Road" initiative,strengthen the mutual recognition and interoperability of standards;build logistics park sites,do a good job in connecting China and Europe trains;ease corporate financing constraints and improve industrial supply chain finance;build a digital trade "park in the park",promote cross-border e-commerce and digital trade,and play a role in further promoting the construction level of oversea economic and trade zones and the sustained growth of bilateral trade.