Evaluation And Optimization Of Spatial Layout Of Public Service Facilities In The Center District Of Beijing

On September 29,2017,the Beijing Municipal People’s Government officially released the General Plan for Beijing(2016-2035)(hereinafter referred to as the General Plan),which is the seventh time for Beijing to compile the General Plan since the establishment of the new China.Based on the strategic positioning of Beijing as the capital city and aiming at building a world-class livable city,the general plan clearly requires scientific planning of Beijing’s urban space layout,optimization and adjustment of land use structure,improvement and increase of public service facilities related to urban residents’ lives such as parks and green spaces,health and medical treatment,and improvement of living environment.Urban public service facilities are closely related to the convenience and comfort of urban residents’ life,they also directly affect the happiness of residents’ life.Due to the importance of urban public service facilities in the process of urban development,a large number of related studies have emerged and achieved certain results.The research on the public service facilities system has gradually become one of the focuses of urban science.From the perspective of urban space measurement,this paper analyzes the spatial layout of public service facilities in downtown Beijing.The main research work and results are as follows:(1)Analyze relevant researches on public service facilities,define equity value orientation from four aspects,including space,supply,demand and market,compare and analyze the four value orientations,and take the spatial equity as an important standard to evaluate the system of public service facilities.(2)For medical facilities,education facilities,the park green space through the research of three kinds of public service facilities such as the three public service facilities are shown in the spatial distribution of the "east-west direction distribution is" south-north "direction is more intensive,different types of residential area in the public service facilities selective differences,differences in health services,the choice of new community diversity to be significantly better than that of the old district.The spatial accessibility of park green space is poor,and only 50% of residential communities can get the leisure and entertainment services within 1km of the park green space.(3)Combining the traditional computer algorithm with the urban big data,this paper proposes the spatial location method based on the cuckoo algorithm,and verifies the feasibility of the application of the cuckoo algorithm in the location of public service facilities by taking the urban park green space in the central city of Beijing as an example,and puts forward reasonable location Suggestions.(4)The unbalance of urban public service facilities is the result of joint action of many factors,including urban planning,the market mechanism,the inertia governance,demand changes,and many other factors,so it needs from the multiple levels of consciousness,planning,system,multiple subject guide society participation,improve the public service facilities management mechanism step by step.