Research And Design Of Antenna-in-package For 5G Applications

With the arrival of the 5G era,wireless communication technology is facing more challenges,and people have more requirements for wireless communication systems.In traditional design,antennas and active circuits are designed and packaged separately,making the system cumbersome and causing significant interconnect losses between antennas and chips.In order to solve the above problems,in recent years,researchers have focused on antenna-in-package design methods.Antenna-in-package is a technology that integrates RF front-end solutions into a whole.Currently,the main research directions for antenna-in-package include choosing which process to use,and how to miniaturize the antenna part.In order to make the electromagnetic wave transmission resists external disturbances,how to achieve circular polarization within the package is the focus of this article.At the same time,people are facing the challenges of massive data and faster speeds.Large-scale MIMO in the millimeter wave band is the key technology for 5G communication.How to improve the signal quality and data transmission ability of antenna-in-package data transmission,thereby greatly improving the transmission efficiency of the network is a difficult point.Therefore,the research work of this topic can be summarized in the following two aspects:（1）The method of achieving wideband and circularly polarized performance of antenna-in-package is studied.Based on HDI technology,circular polarization performance is achieved by introducing an"Ω"shaped open loop structure.,the relative bandwidth reaches 47%,operating at 24.45-39.92GHz,and AR BW within 24.6 to36.1GHz.The maximum gain is 11.2 dBi at 30 GHz,with gains greater than 6 dBi across the bandwidth.In addition,the H-plane beam width at 30 GHz is 54.18°（-31.82°-22.36°）.The radiation efficiency of the antenna can reach up to 91%.In order to reduce the area,the long side is replaced with an arc-shaped structure,greatly reducing the area of the antenna.The final grid array antenna size is 16.85*18.7mm²,and the package size is 22.05*32.75*3 mm³,achieving a certain degree of miniaturization.（2）The method of antenna-in-package radiating orbital angular momentum（OAM）beams is studied.Investigated the current methods for designing antennas capable of radiating OAM beams,pointed out the shortages of existing antennas,and also studied the content of characteristic mode theory.Based on mode synthesis theory,explored the possibility of using characteristic mode analysis to design antenna that radiates OAM beams.The designed antenna is a simple octagonal patch antenna.Using characteristic mode analysis,90°phase difference between TM₂₁ degenerate modes can be achieved by simply adjusting the length of the arc edge.It only requires one feed port for excitation.Finally,the antenna-in-package based on HDI technology has a bandwidth of 59.45 to60.77 GHz and 62.39 to 63.06 GHz,with a gain within the bandwidth of 3.3 to 4.6 dBi,and successfully radiates first order OAM beam at 60 GHz.