| In the construction industry,building projects must be reviewed by the provisions of the building codes.Fire protection design review,as a key link to ensure the fire safety of buildings,is an important element of the design review of building projects.However,the intelligent fire protection review is mainly based on a manual review or semi-aided review by machines,which consumes a lot of time and energy.And it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the review results.Building Information Modeling(BIM),is a key technology for the transformation of the building engineering industry to digitalization,informatization,and intelligence.BIM provides a new direction for the traditional fire protection design review work.It is a digital representation of the whole life cycle of a construction project.The BIM fire review process has changed the traditional way of working with two-dimensional drawings.However,it is difficult to meet the requirements of actual review in terms of fire protection code processing.It is also impossible to extract the geometric spatial relationships of the building components in terms of geometric space.This paper addresses the problem that it is difficult for computers to understand and reason about the semantic information of specification clauses in intelligent fire protection review,and the problem that only a small number of component geometric semantic relationships can be extracted in BIM models.And it proposes a method for constructing a specification semantic model for BIM fire protection review.The main research contents and results are as follows.(1)The construction method of the fire code knowledge ontology is proposed.Fire code knowledge has strong professionalism and is the core content of the fire code standard.However,it is difficult for computers to accurately understand and express the meaning of fire code knowledge.Therefore,in this paper,firstly,the IFC(Industry Foundation Classes)standard is analyzed to obtain the semantic expression mechanism of fire code knowledge in the IFC standard,which provides attribute information for the construction of the fire code knowledge ontology.Then,the specification knowledge ontology was constructed based on the improved seven-step method.The IFC attributes are added to the attributes of the code knowledge ontology to realize the mapping between the code knowledge ontology and the building information model.The computer is provided with the ability to understand the concept of normative knowledge.(2)A method for constructing logical expressions of rules is proposed.The fire code provisions are the basis of the code that must be complied with in the fire protection review,but the code provisions cover a wide range of areas and have a strict logical correlation.This paper provides the computer with semantic understanding and rule reasoning by constructing a logical expression for the rules.Firstly,the code standards required for the fire protection review are selected.The fire codes are processed in a syllogistic manner.Secondly,the semantics of the fire codes were analyzed based on CFG and the structured expressions of the codes were summarised.Finally,the specification terms are transformed into a logical representation of the rules that can be reasoned about by a computer through natural language processing techniques.A rule logic library of specifications is provided for fire protection review.(3)The semantic extension method of BIM geometric space is proposed.The fire code standard includes a large number of judgments on the geometric spatial relationship of building components.However,the spatial semantic information of components in the IFC standard can hardly meet the needs of the geometric spatial judgment of components in the fire code.For this reason,this paper proposes a geometric spatial calculation method to supplement the geometric spatial relationships of components.In this paper,the geometric spatial relationships are divided into three types: adjacent,intersecting,and detached.First,the BIM components are triangulated and meshed.Then,the geometric space calculation is divided into two steps,coarse and fine,to extract the geometric spatial relationships and separation distances of the components.Finally,the practicality and operability of the proposed method are verified through experiments.Based on the above theoretical research basis,this paper designs and develops a fire protection review system for BIM models.The functions of attribute review,geometric space review,and visualization of review results are realized.In this paper,10 BIM models of different building types are selected as experimental objects.The proposed method is evaluated in terms of three evaluation indicators and time efficiency.The experimental results show that the proposed method guarantees the accuracy and completeness of fire protection design review,improves the review efficiency,and saves the time cost of fire protection review. |
