Research On Effective Questioning Strategies In High School Geography Classroom Teaching From The Perspective Of Problem-based Teachin

With the advancement of high school geography new curriculum reform,problem-based teaching has been incorporated into the implementation of advice on new curriculum.Problem-based teaching takes "problems" as the core,through the creation of problem situation,guides students to discover,explore and solve problems,in the hope of "bringing the classroom back to students","teaching students to learn to learn" and "making students try to solve real problems",which is advocated by new curriculum reform.Geographical learning is closely centered on "questions",and the quality of learning is closely related to the quality of teachers’ questions.How to effectively ask questions is an important content of this research.Research mainly makes use of two methods for status quo investigation:questionnaire and classroom observation.Subjects of questionnaire survey are a part of senior 1 and senior 2 students of Chengdu Wuhou Senior High along with geography teachers from Chengdu Wuhou district.30 lesson cases of Nanjing,Chongqing and Chengdu are selected for classroom observation,half of which are public lessons and regular lessons respectively.Through referring to materials and consulting experts,the classroom observation scale is designed,including the questioner,the type and language of the question,the type and characteristics of the question situation,the way and time of waiting for the answer,the subject and form of the question evaluation,etc.After the investigation,it is sorted out that there are four main problems in the daily teaching of high school geography under the perspective of question-based teaching: the types of questions have different thinking requirements,but part of the core questions are lacking explorability;The problem situation is mainly used in the introduction of the classroom,which is short of coherence and clear question clues.The situation type of the problem is mainly about geographical landscape and distribution,and the situation is not interesting and innovative.In terms of teaching,more attention is paid to the design of a single problem,the problem gradient is unknown,and less attention is paid to the problem system.The subjects of problem evaluation are mainly teachers,focusing on the evaluation of the results,while the process evaluation is less.Based on the investigation of the current situation,the author puts forward the effective strategy of high school geography in the perspective of problem-based teaching based on the constructivist theories,Viggo J Ki’s zone of proximal development,teaching system theory and other educational theories.It mainly involves three main contents.First,the four basic principle involve systematization,context,precision and development;Second,the four-step general process includes determining the core problem,creating the problem situation,constructing the problem system,and paying attention to the problem evaluation.The third is concerned with five specific strategies,that is,according to the teaching basis,to establish the core questions of inquiry,contact production and life as well as create attractive problem situation.Teachers are supposed to pay attention to the construction of thinking and set up the combination of light and shade question clues.Teachers should also design systematic problem tasks based on the learning starting point.They need to carry out continuous problem evaluation throughout the learning process.The structure of this paper is mainly divided into five parts.The first part mainly introduces the research background,research significance,literature review,research objectives and content,research ideas and methods;The second part discusses the basic concepts and theories,which provides theoretical support for the thesis.The third part is the investigation and analysis of the current situation,introducing the survey subjects and content,survey results and analysis,and summarizes the existing problems together with factors of the effective geography teaching in senior high school.The fourth part puts forward the question-raising strategy,including four question-raising principles,four general steps and five specific strategies.The fifth part is the summary and reflection of the full text,showing the direction for follow-up researches.