X-band Integrated Programmable Electromagnetic Metasurface Antenna Design

With the development of modern communication technology,the performance requirements of antennas in various communication fields are getting higher and higher.Programmable electromagnetic metasurface antenna is one of the most advanced research fields in metasurface research.Through the independent electromagnetic regulation of each metasurface element loaded with active tunable components,and through the rational layout of the metasurface array feed circuit and the design of the programmable control system,the spatial two-dimensional beam scanning in the far field can be realized.The programmable electromagnetic metasurface antenna has the advantages of low hardware cost,flexible and efficient real-time dynamic control of electromagnetic wave,and has great engineering application prospects in the fields of near and far field microwave imaging,target detection and perception,and electromagnetic radiation.In this paper,an integrated programmable electromagnetic metasurface antenna based on X-band is proposed and designed based on the transmission electromagnetic metasurface.Firstly,the modules of the programmable antenna unit are theoretically analyzed,and the integrated programmable electromagnetic metasurface unit is designed.Then,the designed integrated programmable electromagnetic metasurface elements are composed of arrays,and the feed circuit layout,programmable control system design and feed network design of the programmable antenna array are carried out.The antenna is simulated and tested to verify the correctness of the whole design.Finally,based on the wide angle impedance matching theory of the array,a corresponding wide angle matching layer is designed for the programmable electromagnetic metasurface antenna to improve the wide angle scanning gain of the array.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:1.The design of integrated programmable electromagnetic metasurface antenna unit is introduced.Each module of the programmable electromagnetic metasurface antenna unit is theoretically analyzed and designed.According to each module,an integrated programmable electromagnetic metasurface antenna unit is designed.The simulation results show that the transmission amplitude of the unit is stable and the transmission phase covers 360°,which achieves the expected design index and verifies the correctness of the unit design.2.The simulation and test of integrated programmable electromagnetic metasurface antenna are introduced.Based on the characteristics of programmability and integration,a dc coded voltage feed network and a real-time control system which can independently programmatically regulate each metasurface element in a large aperture array and an integrated programmable electromagnetic metasurface antenna feed network are designed.The designed antenna is simulated and tested based on the generalized Snell’s law.The test results show that the programmable electromagnetic metasurface antenna can achieve beam scanning in the range of ±55° within the range of gain roll drop of 3d B,which achieves the expected design index and verifies the correctness of the antenna design.3.The design of large angle beam scanning gain enhancement for programmable electromagnetic metasurface antenna is introduced.Based on the principle of wide angle impedance matching,the wide angle matching layer of open C-loop structure(loop)and metal cylinder structure(rod)is designed for H-plane and E-plane programmable electromagnetic metasurface antenna,and the new wide angle matching layer structure is designed by combining the two structures.The simulation results show that the loop structure and rod structure can improve the large angle scanning gain of H-plane and E-plane programmable electromagnetic metasurface antenna respectively,which verifies the correctness of the design.