Structural Design And Optimization Of Metal Nano-Rectenna

As a green and renewable energy source with huge reserves,the research and development of solar energy has great practical significance for the production and life of human beings.High-efficiency photoelectric conversion and rectification technology is the core technology in the field of solar energy applications,and has important academic research significance and engineering application value.Compared with the traditional photovoltaic cell conversion technology,the use of nano-rectenna for energy conversion has higher theoretical photoelectric conversion efficiency.Therefore,a metal nano-rectenna is designed in this paper,and its rectification processing,testing and algorithm optimization are carried out.The main research results are as follows:1.A metal nano-bow-tie antenna structure is designed and completed,which is composed of two pairs of mutually orthogonal concave-angle bow-tie antenna structures.First,the metal nano-antenna unit is designed in the wavelength range of 400nm～1600nm,and its concave angle distance,radius of concave angle,antenna angle,antenna height and substrate height are analyzed,and finally its optimal total radiation efficiency is 91.83%,and it has good receiving directivity.Then,based on the antenna element model,the influence of the array element spacing and form on the radiation and absorption performance of the array antenna is analyzed,and the total radiation efficiency and absorption efficiency of 94.6%and 73.5%are obtained.2.A rectifying structure suitable for metal bow-tie nano-antenna is designed,and its rectifying mechanism is analyzed.First,the corresponding tunnel rectification structure design of the metal nano-antenna is completed,the maximum current density of which is8.355×104 A/m2,and the fabrication can be realized.Secondly,using the energy band structure,the tunneling probability model is obtained based on the transfer matrix method,and the validity is analyzed and verified,and its rectification performance is quantitatively characterized.Finally,by analyzing the parameters of the insulating layer of the rectifier antenna,the mutual coupling relationship with the rectifier performance and the impedance matching between the nano-antenna and the rectifier diode is clarified,which lays a theoretical foundation for the optimal design of the rectifier structure.3.The preparation and experiment of the nanometer rectifier model Ag-Al₂O₃-Hf O₂-Au were completed,and the experimental data were analyzed,and the algorithm optimization of the structure of the nanometer rectifier was studied.Firstly,the rectifier sample was prepared by rf magnetron sputtering method and atomic layer deposition method,and a testing platform was built to test the sample efficiency under specific incident light irradiation.The correctness of the proposed design scheme and the established transmission theory tunneling model was verified,and the error sources of the experiment were analyzed.Then,the optimization model of metal optical nanorectifying antenna is analyzed and constructed,and the model is optimized by using parallel genetic algorithm,and the effectiveness of the optimization results is verified by simulation.