Research On Smart Antenna With Target Information Sensing Function

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology,the number of communication equipment is gradually increasing,the frequency spectrum resource is very short,and the energy consumption of communication system is also increasing.In order to solve these problems,smart antenna technology has been widely concerned.Smart antennas can send directional signals,switch beams and reduce system energy consumption.Smart antenna generally consists of three modules,which are target information sensing module,control module and antenna structure.The three modules of the traditional smart antenna are completed by relatively independent systems,so the antenna system has large volume and high energy consumption.The smart antenna based on target information perception studied in this paper integrates the three modules of the smart antenna,which can realize self-sensing of the antenna to the environmental target,that is,automatically switch the beam direction according to the target position,so that the target is always in the best state of radio coverage,and it does not require remote control equipment,so the antenna size is reduced and the overall energy consumption of the system is reduced.The intelligent antenna system designed in this paper has important significance and practical value for the development of short distance mobile communication.Firstly,aiming at mobile communication in one-dimensional confined space such as long and straight corridor,a one-dimensional beam switchable antenna is designed with microstrip patch antenna as the basic radiation unit,and the beam direction can be changed by changing the phase difference of adjacent cells.When the angle between beam pointing and array normal direction is large,the array antenna will have large sidelobe and its performance will decrease.In order to achieve a larger span of radio coverage,a microstrip quasi-Yagi antenna capable of forming an end-beam is designed and integrated with a one-dimensional switchable beam array,thus realizing the switchable function of a large-span beam in a one-dimensional space.Secondly,for mobile communication in indoor space and station hall,based on the basic principle of planar array and one-dimensional beam switchable array antenna,a two-dimensional beam switchable antenna is designed.The antenna still uses microstrip patch antenna as radiation unit.Butler matrix is designed as a feeder network,and 4-beam switching is realized by switching feed ports.The designed antenna is tested,and the test results are in good agreement with the simulation results,which verifies the beam switching function of the antenna.Finally,the intelligent antenna control module is designed,and the integration of the antenna and the intelligent control module is studied by taking the two-dimensional beam switchable antenna designed in this paper as an example.The integrated smart antenna system is tested and its self-sensing and automatic beam tracking functions are verified.In the test,the designed smart antenna system can automatically switch beam direction according to the position of the target in the environment,so that the target is always in the best radio coverage state.