Research On The Process Mechanism Of Novice Preschool Teachers’ Emotional Labor Based On Grounded Theory

In order to strengthen the construction of teachers and promote their professional growth,the country and society pay more and more attention to the inner emotional world of teachers.In the field of preschool education,novice preschool teachers,as the fresh blood in the team of preschool teachers,undertake more complex and heavy work tasks in the education work,which inevitably causes the novice preschool teachers to have negative feelings,and then need to pay more emotional labor.In the context of education,when the teacher’s personal feelings are inconsistent with the requirements of external norms,all the efforts made by the teacher to adjust and resolve the feelings are emotional labor.It exists in the interaction between teachers and working objects,and affects teachers’ physical and mental health,working state and so on.Therefore,this study takes care of the emotional labor process of novice preschool teachers,which is of great significance to consolidate the theoretical research on emotional labor of preschool teachers,deepen their emotional cognition,and improve their professional happiness.This study adopts the research paradigm of grounded theory,selects 21 novice preschool teachers in different regions of Zhejiang Province as the research objects,collects emotional events of novice preschool teachers through the event interview method,and forms a total of nearly 250,000 words of documents.With the help of Nvivo 12 plus data processing software,open coding,axial coding and selective coding analysis of the data were carried out to extract the original concept,original category and main category.Finally,the core category of “emotional labor process mechanism of novice preschool teachers” was formed,and the mechanism model of emotional labor process of novice preschool teachers was constructed.This study believes that the process of novice preschool teachers’ emotional labor includes four links: emotional motivation,emotional expression,emotional regulation and emotional adaptation,and emotional rules are the influencing mechanism of the whole process of emotional labor.Emotional motivation is the dynamic mechanism for teachers to produce emotional labor.The emotional motivation of novice preschool teachers includes persistent emotional load,sudden emotional events and endogenous emotional expectations.Emotional expression is the external emotional expression of novice preschool teachers’ emotional labor,including formal surface acting,hidden emotional masking and conscious deep acting.Emotion regulation is an individualized strategy for novice preschool teachers to regulate their inner emotions.The novice preschool teachers mainly achieve the transformation of negative emotions through four ways: allocation of attention,escape from the situation,cognitive reappraisal and emotional catharsis.Finally,novice preschool teachers achieve emotional adaptation or no emotional adaptation by means of individual reflection and other feedback.In this process,teachers have accumulated emotional experience,which provides guidance for awakening new emotional labor or continuing emotional labor.Based on the interpretation and analysis of the model,in order to improve the career happiness of novice preschool teachers and enhance their sense of work identity,this study puts forward strategies from four aspects: concept,evaluation,organization and individual.First of all,we should acknowledge the objective attribute of emotion,respect the emotional value of novice preschool teachers,attach importance to the significance of preschool teachers’ emotion to the development of children,individual professional development and organizational construction,but also return the emotional investment in teachers’ work.Secondly,the state or organization should establish an emotional evaluation mechanism,monitor the emotional labor process of teachers in the work,and help preschool teachers to play the enthusiasm of emotional labor.Thirdly,kindergartens should strengthen the emotional care for novice preschool teachers,and give teachers a platform to vent negative emotions and develop positive emotions.Finally,novice preschool teachers should enhance their understanding of emotional labor,objectively recognize and evaluate the emotional labor generated in the work,learn to use emotional regulation strategies,and improve emotional wisdom.