A Study On The Relationship Between Guardianship Charteristics And Parenting Behaviors And Childrens Motor Development At The Age Of 1-3

Purpose of the study:The parenting behavior of guardians is the most important factor affecting the physical and mental development of young children.The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between guardians’ parenting behavior and the motor development of children aged 1-3 years,and to propose scientific and reasonable parenting suggestions as a result,in order to promote children’s early motor development.Research methods:This study first conducted a parenting behavior questionnaire survey on 113 parents of children aged 1-3 years,followed by testing 113 children aged 1-3 years in five early childhood institutions and one kindergarten in Jinhua,Zhejiang Province,using the Peabody Motor Development Scale(2nd edition).The scale consists of two aspects,the Gross Motor Development Scale and the Fine Motor Development Scale,which include six subtests,and based on the results of the test,a more detailed assessment of the motor development of the children was made.The data collected after the tests were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software for descriptive analysis,independent samples t-test,partial correlation analysis,and multiple linear regression analysis.Results of the study:(1)Guardian parenting behaviors did not differ significantly(p > 0.05)in terms of only child,mode of delivery,whether the child was born prematurely,father’s education level,and father’s weekly frequency of physical activity,while significant differences(p < 0.05)were found in terms of gender,primary guardian,mother’s education level,mother’s weekly frequency of physical activity,and whether the family had a separate area for children’s activities.(2)The fine motor development quotient,gross motor development quotient,and overall motor development quotient scores of children aged 1-3 years did not differ significantly(p > 0.05)depending on the child’s gender,mode of delivery,and prematurity;guardianship,parental education,frequency of weekly physical activity of the parent;and independent child activity area.There were significant differences(p <0.01)in the scores of fine motor development quotient,gross motor development quotient,and overall motor development quotient of children aged 1-3 years by only child.whether the fine motor development quotient,gross motor development quotient,and overall motor development quotient of children aged 1-3 years were at the upper middle or higher level did not differ by child’s gender,mode of delivery,preterm birth;guardian,father’s education level,parent’s weekly physical activity activity frequency;and independent child activity area differed(p > 0.05).Non-only children were more likely to reach upper middle and higher levels of gross motor development quotient compared to only children and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).The higher the mother’s education,the easier it was to reach the upper middle and above level of gross motor development quotient and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).(3)Guardian parenting behavior had an explanatory significance(R2=0.208,p<0.05)on the fine motor development quotient of children aged 1-3 years,with an explanation rate of 20.8%.Parenting perception(β=0.155,p<0.05),attention(β=0.187,p<0.05),and parent-child relationship(β=0.127,p<0.05)were the variables explaining fine motor development.Guardian parenting behavior was explanatory for the gross motor development quotient in children aged 1-3 years(R2=0.267,p<0.05),with an explanation rate of 26.7%.Parenting perceptions(β=0.530,p<0.01),attention(β=0.171,p<0.05),parent-child relationship(β=0.268,p<0.05),and outings(β=0.187,p<0.05)were the variables explaining gross motor development quotient.Guardian parenting behavior was explanatory for the overall motor development quotient of children aged1-3 years(R2=0.284,p<0.05),with an explanation rate of 28.4%.Parenting perceptions(β=0.440,p<0.05),attention(β=0.0.351,p<0.05),and parent-child relationship(β=0.275,p<0.05)were the variables explaining the overall motor development quotient.Study findings:(1)The current survey found that the current status of guardian parenting behavior was relatively positive.whether the child was an only child,the mode of delivery,whether the child was born prematurely,the father’s education level,and the frequency of the father’s weekly physical activity did not affect guardian parenting behavior.The gender of the child,the primary guardian,the mother’s education level,the frequency of the mother’s weekly physical activity,and whether the family has a separate area for children’s activities all had an effect on the guardians’ parenting behavior.(2)The current study found that children aged 1-3 years had better levels of motor development.The child’s gender,mode of delivery,whether the child was born prematurely,primary guardian,father’s education level,frequency of weekly physical activity of the parents,and whether there was a separate activity area for the child did not affect the motor development of 1-3 year old children.The mother’s education level influenced the motor development of 1-3 year old children,and the higher the mother’s education level,the more likely the child’s fine motor development quotient would reach the upper intermediate level and above.(3)Guardians’ parenting concept,parent-child relationship,and attention were positively correlated with the fine motor development quotient,gross motor development quotient,and overall motor development quotient of 1-3 year-old children;outings were positively correlated with the gross motor development quotient of 1-3year-old children.