Action Prediction Of Children With Autism In Dynamic Situations

Action prediction refers to the outcome prediction of how behaviors unfold over time,which is a key ability of individual cognitive development,daily learning and social interaction.action prediction enables individuals to plan their responses to others’ behaviors in time,which is an essential part of the smooth progress of social interaction.action prediction is influenced by social priori such as background and conditions related to its occurrence.Children with autism have defects in the extraction of non-verbal cues such as eyes,faces and body gestures used for social interaction,which may affect the understanding and prediction of behaviors of children with autism.This study focuses on social priori and designs three experiments in the order of social prominence from small to large.Through the accuracy rate of behavior prediction and eye movement data,it explores the influence characteristics of different social priori in dynamic situations on the behavior prediction of children with autism.In experiment 1,22 children with autism and 22 children with common intelligence matched in age,verbal intelligence and non-verbal intelligence were selected to explore the influence of eye fixation on action prediction of children with autism.It was found that the predictive fixation rate and predictive speed of children with autism on behavioral targets in dynamic situations were significantly lower than that of typically developing children.The predictive accuracy,predictive fixation rate and predictive speed of children with autism were significantly lower than those of typically developing children.There are differences in eye processing in children with autism,but eye fixation has little effect on action prediction in children with autism.In experiment 2,a total of 28 children with autism and 28 children with common intelligence matched in age,verbal intelligence and non-verbal intelligence were selected to further explore the influence of facial-expression valence on the behavior prediction of children with autism.It was found that there was no significant difference between the prediction accuracy and prediction speed of autistic children based on facial-expression valence priori information,but the predictive fixation rate was significantly lower than that of typically developing children.Children with autism predicted behavioral goals significantly faster in negative expressions than in positive expressions.In experiment 3,24 children with autism and 24 typically developing children with matched age,verbal intelligence and non-verbal intelligence were selected to explore the influence of physical orientation on action prediction of children with autism.It was found that the prediction speed of children with autism using physical orientation priori in dynamic situations was faster than that of typically developing children.Body orientation had little effect on the frequency and speed of action prediction in dynamic situations.In conclusion,the following conclusions can be drawn: 1.Children with autism show a certain ability to predict behavioral targets in dynamic situations,but the predictive fixation rate is lower than that of typically developing children;2.Different kinds of social priori have different influences on the action prediction ability of children with autism in dynamic situations,and the influence of facial-expression valence is the most prominent;3.Children with autism have atypical attention to social cues in dynamic situations,which is mainly manifested in abnormal face processingBased on the findings,the following educational recommendations are made: 1.Promoting action prediction in children with autism through diverse training of nonverbal communication skills;2.Improve the behavior prediction ability of children with autism by improving their imitation ability in multiple ways;3.Conduct behavioral understanding and prediction training for children with autism with the help of computer assisted technology.