| The "Report on Nutrition and Chronic Diseases of Chinese Residents(2020)" pointed out that the body mass index of residents continued to rise,and the problem of overweight and obesity continued to become prominent.Studies have shown that overweight and obesity have adverse effects at the physiological,psychological and even social adaptation levels.Long-term regular physical activity can significantly improve individual health indicators.However,in reality,problems such as weak exercise autonomy,exercise interruption and withdrawal have not been effectively solved.Autonomous physical exercise is sustainable exercise in which individuals actively participate.When individuals have a certain level of independent physical exercise,they can build an effective and sustainable health management model.Therefore,it is necessary to understand the current status of autonomous physical exercise of overweight and obese people,and then correctly reveal the deep-seated reasons for the lack of independent physical exercise of overweight and obese people.Based on this,this study used literature method,interview method,questionnaire survey method,mathematical statistics method and other research methods,relied on the health behavior ecology model,and took the questionnaire of influencing factors of college students’ independent exercise and the questionnaire of independent exercise level as measurement tools,and selected 482 overweight and obese college students from 6 universities in Hangzhou.The current situation of independent physical exercise of overweight and obese college students was analyzed,and the following conclusions were drawn:(1)The level of independent exercise of overweight and obese college students was generally at the lower middle level,and the level of independent exercise of overweight and obese college students was significantly higher than that of women;The level of self-exercise of overweight and obese college students was significantly higher than that of junior and senior students.The level of independent exercise of overweight and obese college students is not affected by the place of origin.(2)Overweight and obese college students had the highest score in self-exercise,indicating that overweight and obese college students had a positive attitude towards maintaining physical and mental health;The reinforcement factor score was the lowest,indicating that overweight and obese college students lacked incentives to support their adherence to independent physical exercise,such as family and friend encouragement,social support,etc.In terms of independent physical exercise and social support and encouragement from relatives and friends,male overweight and obese college students were significantly better than female overweight and obese college students.Compared with the overweight and obese college students in the third and fourth years,overweight and obese college students have a more positive attitude towards independent physical exercise.There was no difference in the influencing factors of self-exercise among overweight and obese college students in the place of origin.(3)Predisposing factors and contributing factors were more able to predict the independent physical exercise of overweight and obese college students with low level of self-exercise,and the independent exercise of overweight and obese college students at this level was more significantly affected by attitude,self-confidence,venue facilities,sports system,curriculum,etc.(4)The predictive ability of reinforcement factors on the level of self-imposed exercise and the independent physical exercise of overweight and obese college students was significant,and the independent physical exercise of overweight and obese college students at this level was more strongly affected by social support and encouragement from relatives and friends. |
