Research On The Special Physical Training Of Guizhou Open Water Swimmers In Winter Training

Open water swimming has played an important role in competitive sports since it was officially competed in the 2008 Olympic Games.Due to the uncertain competition environment and high challenge difficulty coefficient,it is widely loved and actively participated in by people.Compared to indoor swimming pool competitions,open water swimming competitions have a longer duration in outdoor water,and swimming techniques and tactics are more influenced by the external environment,which greatly tests the psychological and physical fitness of athletes.Winter training is a golden period of physical energy reserves throughout the year,and also an important period for the Guizhou Open Water Swimming Team to prepare for the next year’s National Swimming Championships.It belongs to the training period of technical,tactical,and physical strengthening.Research purposes: This paper analyzes the cycle arrangement,training methods,training means,training load and training effects of physical training of swimmer in open waters in Guizhou Province during winter training,so as to explore the rationality and scientificity of physical training of swimmer in open waters in winter training,and provide theoretical reference for future physical training of coaches and athletes in open waters.Research methods: This paper studied the physical training of swimmer in open water areas of Guizhou Province during winter training by means of literature review,field observation,mathematical statistics,expert interviews,testing and comparative analysis,to understand the training methods,training means,training load characteristics and evaluation indicators of swimmer in open water areas during winter training,and to process and analyze the data obtained after winter training.Research results:(1)In terms of functional screening(FMS): after winter training,swimmer in open water had extremely significant differences in reverse distance test and trunk stability test(p<0.01);There was no significant difference(p＞0.05)in the step up test,straight lunge test,deep squat test,supine straight leg lift test,and rotational stability test.(2)In terms of physical performance on land: there was a highly significant difference in standing with closed eyes,barbell press,and barbell squat after winter training(p<0.01);There was significant difference between pull up and static plank(four directions)(p<0.05);There was no significant difference in 3000 m running(p＞0.05).(3)In terms of water specific physical fitness scores: there is a significant difference in water specific physical fitness scores between 50 m freestyle and 400 m freestyle after winter training(p<0.01);There was a significant difference in 1500 m freestyle(p<0.05).(4)In terms of competition results: After winter training,a comparative analysis was conducted between the selection results and the 2021 national competition results,and there was a significant difference in the 10 km race results after winter training(p<0.01).(5)Physiological and biochemical monitoring: the physiological and biochemical indicators of swimmer in open waters of Guizhou Province fluctuated within the normal range during winter training,excluding several athletes with medical history,other athletes did not have adverse reactions;There was a significant change in the blood lactate value of the special performance before and after winter training(p<0.05).Research conclusion:(1)The use of functional training during winter training for swimmer in open waters of Guizhou Province can not only significantly improve the functional barriers existing in the athletes’ bodies,but also reduce the occurrence of sports injuries.(2)During the winter training of swimmer in open waters of Guizhou Province,the combination of basic physical fitness training and special physical fitness training can significantly improve the performance of physical fitness training of swimmers.The addition of unstable equipment such as wave speed balls in the training process can effectively improve the balance ability of swimmers.(3)During the winter training of the Guizhou Open Water Swimming Team,short distance anaerobic endurance training,long distance aerobic endurance training,medium and long distance mixed metabolism training,and technical and tactical training are adopted for water physical fitness training,which can significantly improve the athletes’ water specific physical performance.(4)During the winter training of swimmer in open waters of Guizhou Province,the combination of land physical training and water physical training will help to improve the performance of the swimmers.After the winter training,the performance of the swimmers will be improved by three young players.(5)During the winter training of physical fitness of swimmer in open waters of Guizhou Province,physiological and biochemical indicators are used to monitor the training of swimmers,which can accurately assess the training load and training volume,and help coaches to develop training plans and prevent sports injuries.