Research On The Changes Of Higher Education Affects The Intergenerational Mobility(1949-2017)

Understanding social class and the role of education in China is the core of understanding social change and educational equity.Only by placing the proposition that higher education affects intergenerational class mobility in different era backgrounds and social realities,and clarifying the patterns,characteristics and internal logic of higher education affecting intergenerational class mobility in different periods,can we deepen higher education in a comparative framework.Understanding the relationship between education and intergenerational class mobility,so as to provide ideas for higher education in the context of popularization to better promote social rational mobility and maintain social equity,and provide scientific and effective ways to build and develop more smooth and diverse intergenerational mobility channels policy recommendations.Using statistical analysis,econometric analysis and comparative analysis,with the help of the five-phase China Comprehensive Social Survey data(CGSS(2010),CGSS(2012),CGSS(2013),CGSS(2015),CGSS(2017))Using mixed cross-sectional data,this paper conducts an empirical analysis and conclusion discussion on the era change of higher education affecting intergenerational class mobility.Firstly,the intergenerational mobility level is measured by means of probability transformation matrix,and the research hypothesis that higher education affects intergenerational mobility is put forward in the contingency table analysis of higher education acquisition(level)and intergenerational mobility level.Furthermore,the intergenerational class mobility level is deconstructed into the intergenerational class mobility direction and intergenerational class mobility distance,and the multivariate disordered logistic regression model and the multiple linear regression model are used to test the impact of higher education on the intergenerational class mobility direction and intergenerational class mobility,respectively.Period differences and trends of flow distances.On the basis of empirical analysis,this paper summarizes the historical evolution of higher education affecting intergenerational class mobility;elucidates the stage of 1949-1977,the stage of 1978-1998 and the stage of1999-2017,the macro-level overall higher education scale and the micro-level individual higher education acquisition(level)influence on the level of intergenerational class mobility;finally,combined with the social background of each stage,respectively,in the three periods,the impact of higher education on generation The basic characteristics and internal logic of inter-class mobility are reviewed and summarized.Based on the above analysis,it can be seen that in the changing trend of higher education affecting the level of intergenerational class mobility: First,with the development of the times,the variables that affect the level of intergenerational class mobility of individuals gradually decrease,but receiving higher education is essential for promoting individual intergenerational class mobility.And that have significant positive effects for upward mobility and increasing individual intergenerational class mobility distances.Second,the modernization process and the expansion of the bureaucracy have strengthened the importance of higher education diplomas,and the positive role of higher education in promoting intergenerational mobility of individuals continues to increase with the development of the times.In terms of the specific characteristics of higher education affecting the level of intergenerational class mobility: first,the improvement of individual higher education level is positively correlated with the realization of upward mobility of intergenerational classes,but not positively correlated with the improvement of intergenerational class mobility distance.Undergraduate education has always been the most significant and effective way for individuals to improve the intergenerational mobility distance.Second,the expansion of the scale of higher education fails to effectively promote the upward mobility of individuals generations,and will significantly inhibit the distance of individuals’ intergenerational class mobility.In terms of the era changes of the intergenerational mobility function of higher education: First,the reform and opening-up has created maximum dividends for higher education to promote the upward mobility of individual intergenerational classes.The function of class upward mobility has indeed weakened,and the impact of tertiary education is no longer significant.Second,with the development of the times,the importance of receiving higher education for individuals to realize the upward mobility of intergenerational classes and improve the distance of intergenerational class mobility has become increasingly prominent.On the basis of clarifying the evolution process of the impact of higher education on intergenerational class mobility and the significance of higher education promoting individual intergenerational class mobility,the following policy recommendations are put forward according to the research conclusions: First,from the micro-level of the family,dialectically view the family resource endowment,establish a correct concept of intergenerational stratum mobility,build a good family interaction field,and break through the limitations of family strata.Second,from the internal level of colleges and universities,to promote the connotative development of higher education,improve the quality of talent training by stratification and classification,research universities need to firmly establish scientific research to support the training of innovative talents;application universities should be guided by "application technology innovation",Effectively take into account both "academic" and "professional" education;skill-based universities need to focus on practical skills and technical application capabilities for talent training.Third,from the external level of colleges and universities,deepen the structural reform of the supply side of higher education,strengthen the virtuous circle between college education and market demand,improve the degree of correlation between college personnel training and labor market demand,and strengthen the matching between the quality of personnel training and social demand.