Research On Cultivating Senior High School Students’ Comprehensive Thinking Ability In Geography Based On Project-based Teaching

The promulgation and implementation of the new curriculum standards pointed out the direction of the education of geography in senior high school,that is,the formation of students’ core literacy.Among them,the cultivation of students’ comprehensive thinking ability is the core,which has attracted the attention of teachers and scholars.The new curriculum standard(2021 edition)focuses on the development of students’ thinking in the process of geography learning,and emphasizes that teachers can stimulate students’ interest in inquiry through classroom teaching design,so as to obtain comprehensive thinking training.The new curriculum reform advocates that students should actively participate and be diligent in doing things,learn to explore in the way of autonomous learning and cooperative inquiry learning,and acquire a series of abilities such as knowledge,problem solving,expression and communication.Under this background,the advantages of project-based teaching method can be reflected.This method can greatly exercise students’ independent learning spirit and practical ability by setting up sub-projects of project theme decomposition to guide students to participate in discussion,explore and solve problems,and evaluate in the way of making project works.It plays an important role in cultivating students’ comprehensive thinking ability.Through literature review,it is found that the current research on geographical comprehensive thinking in China has increased in direction and quantity compared with the previous one,but there are still deficiencies in specific training strategies,which need to be further refined and improved.The research on the application of project-based teaching method is mostly reflected in the fields of computer,biochemistry and higher vocational education.The research on the combination of project-based teaching method and middle school geography is less.Based on this,the theme of this paper is determined through literature study and practical investigation.Guided by constructivism learning theory,pragmatism learning theory,discovery learning theory,and multiple intelligence theory,this study uses literature research,questionnaire survey,interview,and case analysis to study the current situation,existing problems,and application of the theme of the paper.First of all,it elaborates the theoretical part of project-based teaching method and geographical comprehensive thinking,including the research status at home and abroad,relevant concepts,connotation,etc.,and clarifies the necessity of its research.Secondly,on the basis of theoretical research,select senior high school students and front-line teachers to carry out actual surveys,put forward corresponding training principles and strategies in combination with the survey status,and design practical teaching cases for teachers’ reference.On the basis of theoretical research,we selected senior 1 and senior 2 students from four schools,namely,Kaifeng Tianjiabing Experimental Middle School,Kaifeng No.25 Middle School,Songxian No.1Middle School,and Dengzhou Luanbei High School.We distributed 620 questionnaires to investigate the cultivation of students’ comprehensive thinking abilities and their learning situation under the current teaching method;At the same time,interviews were conducted with 10 senior high school frontline geography teachers,focusing on understanding the cultivation of students’ comprehensive thinking abilities by frontline teachers and the application of project-based teaching methods.By analyzing the results of questionnaires and interviews,it is concluded that the current problems in teaching practice are as follows:(1)students’ geography learning is mainly passive acceptance,and their subjective initiative is insufficient;(2)Students’ comprehensive thinking ability in geography is weak,and they lack the spirit of in-depth exploration;(3)Some geography teachers have poor understanding and application of project-based teaching methods;(4)Some geography teachers have insufficient understanding of comprehensive thinking literacy,and the cultivation effect is not good.Based on the existing problems and teaching theories,the principles for cultivating comprehensive thinking abilities in project based teaching methods are proposed:(1)the principle of targeted geography teaching;(2)The principle of students’ subjectivity in learning Heuristic principles in geography teaching The implementability principle of geography teaching.Combining cultivation principles and teaching practices,explore specific and feasible optimization strategies:(1)clarify the objectives of geographical comprehensive thinking cultivation,and select appropriate project themes;(2)Establish a comprehensive geographical thinking foundation and set up driving issues according to levels;(3)Create reasonable situations and cultivate comprehensive geographical thinking in various ways;(4)Pay attention to the main body of students,and teachers and students effectively participate in the geography classroom;(5)Attach importance to the evaluation process and cultivate students’ comprehensive ability in geography.Finally,based on the cultivation principles and strategies,take the "Water Cycle" section as an example to design teaching cases and implement the project based teaching method to the application level.The innovation of this study is mainly the innovation of research perspective.At present,there are few applied researches on the combination of project-based teaching and senior high school geography,and the research on the cultivation of senior high school students’ comprehensive thinking ability in geography based on project-based teaching is even less.Therefore,based on the actual teaching situation,this study applies the project-based teaching method to the geography class,with a view to enriching the theoretical and applied research of project-based teaching method in senior high school geography teaching,and providing a path reference for the formation of students’ core geographical literacy.The project-based teaching method conforms to the needs of the current new curriculum reform,can effectively promote the improvement of students’ independent inquiry ability,help students grow in an all-round way,exercise their comprehensive thinking ability,and help improve the effectiveness of geography classroom teaching in senior high school.It is expected that this study can enrich the geography teaching methods of senior high school,provide a path for the implementation of the core geography literacy of senior high school students,provide certain teaching materials for front-line teachers,and further promote the innovation and development of geography teaching in senior high school.